Hamilton & Hardy's Industrial Toxicology

Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Contributors
Abbreviations
The Heritage of Alice Hamilton, M.D. and Harriet Hardy, M.D.
In Memory
Preface
Section I: Introduction
1. Chapter 1: The Modern Approach to the Diagnosis of Occupational Disease
  1. Background
  2. Components of the Diagnosis
  3. Determining the Cause of Occupational Disease
  4. Regulatory Information
  5. Occupational Exposure Limits
  6. References
2. Chapter 2: Controls of Occupational Diseases
  1. Background, Scope, and Purpose
  2. Regulating Bodies and Professional Organizations
  3. Role of Occupational Health Professionals
  4. Contemporary Strategies for Controlling Exposures and Diseases
  5. Conclusions
  6. Further Reading
Section II: Metals and Metalloids
1. Chapter 3: Introduction
  1. References
2. Chapter 4: Alkali Compounds
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Chemical Pathology
  5. Medical Management
  6. Background and Uses
  7. Physical and Chemical Properties
  8. Mammalian Toxicology
  9. Diagnosis and Treatment
  10. Sources of Exposure
  11. References
  12. Background and Uses
  13. Mammalian Toxicology
  14. Industrial Hygiene
  15. References
  16. Background and Uses
  17. Physical and Chemical Properties
  18. Toxicology
  19. Industrial Hygiene
  20. References
3. Chapter 5: Aluminum
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
4. Chapter 6: Antimony
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Medical Management
  9. References
5. Chapter 7: Arsenic
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Risk Assessments
  7. References
6. Chapter 8: Barium
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. References
7. Chapter 9: Beryllium
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
8. Chapter 10: Bismuth and Related Compounds
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Health Effects
  4. Mode of Action
  5. Occupational Exposure
  6. Risk Assessment
  7. References
9. Chapter 11: Boron
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. References
10. Chapter 12: Cadmium
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. References
11. Chapter 13: Chromium
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene (PPE)
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. References
12. Chapter 14: Cobalt
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
13. Chapter 15: Copper
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. References
14. Chapter 16: Gallium and Indium
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
15. Chapter 17: Germanium
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. References
16. Chapter 18: Gold
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. References
17. Chapter 19: Iron
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
18. Chapter 20: Lead
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Mammalian Toxicology
  5. Sources of Exposure
  6. Industrial Hygiene
  7. Risk Assessments
  8. References
19. Chapter 21: Lithium
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
20. Chapter 22: Manganese
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. References
21. Chapter 23: Mercury
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. References
22. Chapter 24: Molybdenum
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. References
23. Chapter 25: Nickel
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. References
24. Chapter 26: Tantalum and Niobium
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
25. Chapter 27: Platinum Group Elements: Palladium, Iridium, Osmium, Rhodium, and Ruthenium
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. References
26. Chapter 28: Platinum
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. References
27. Chapter 29: Rare Earth Metals
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
28. Chapter 30: Selenium and its Compounds
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Nutrition Essentiality
  8. Industrial Hygiene
  9. Risk Assessments
  10. References
29. Chapter 31: Silver
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
30. Chapter 32: Tellurium
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. References
31. Chapter 33: Thallium
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. References
32. Chapter 34: Tin
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
33. Chapter 35: Titanium
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
34. Chapter 36: Tungsten
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
35. Chapter 37: Vanadium1
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate
  4. Ecotoxicology and Bioaccumulation
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene and Risk Assessments
  8. References
36. Chapter 38: Zinc
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
37. Chapter 39: Hafnium and Zirconium
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
38. Chapter 40: Metal Fume Fever and Metal-Related Lung Disease
  1. Metal-Related Lung Disease
  2. IgE-Mediated Acute and Late Phase Reactions
  3. Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
  4. Metal Pneumconiosis
  5. Acute Pneumonitis
  6. Metal-Induced Lung Cancer
  7. Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease or Emphysema
  8. References
Section III: Chemical Compounds I
1. Chapter 41: Introduction
2. Chapter 42: Carbon Dioxide
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Industrial Hygiene
  5. Medical Management
  6. References
3. Chapter 43: Carbon Monoxide
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
4. Chapter 44: Carbon Disulfide
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Sources of Exposure
  4. Industrial Hygiene
  5. Medical Management
  6. References
5. Chapter 45: Hydrogen Sulfide
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
6. Chapter 46: Cyanide
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
7. Chapter 47: Halogens
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Industrial Hygiene
  5. Medical Management
  6. References
  7. Background and Uses
  8. Physical and Chemical Properties
  9. Mammalian Toxicology
  10. Industrial Hygiene
  11. Medical Management
  12. References
  13. Background and Uses
  14. Physical and Chemical Properties
  15. Mammalian Toxicology
  16. Sources of Exposure
  17. Industrial Hygiene
  18. Medical Management
  19. References
  20. Background and Uses
  21. Physical and Chemical Properties
  22. Mammalian Toxicology
  23. Industrial Hygiene
  24. Medical Management
  25. References
  26. Background and Uses
  27. Physical and Chemical Properties
  28. Mammalian Toxicology
  29. Industrial Hygiene
  30. Medical Management
  31. References
  32. Background and Uses
  33. Physical and Chemical Properties
  34. Mammalian Toxicology
  35. Industrial Hygiene
  36. Medical Management
  37. References
8. Chapter 48: Phosgene
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. References
9. Chapter 49: Nitrogen Compounds
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Health Effects
  9. Diagnosis and Treatment
  10. Target Organs and Mechanism of Action
  11. Biological Markers
  12. Silo Fillers' Disease (SFD)
  13. References
10. Chapter 50: Oxygen and Ozone
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicty
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. Background and Uses
  10. Physical and Chemical Properties
  11. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  12. Ecotoxicology
  13. Mammalian Toxicty
  14. Sources of Exposure
  15. Industrial Hygiene
  16. Risk Assessments
  17. Acknowledgment
  18. References
11. Chapter 51: Phosphorus Compounds
  1. History
  2. White/Yellow Phosphorus
  3. Phosphorus Pentachloride
  4. Phosphorus Trichloride
  5. Phosphorus Pentasulfide
  6. Phosphorus Oxychloride
  7. Phosphorus Anhydride/Phthalic Anhydride
  8. Phosphine and Phosphides
  9. References
12. Chapter 52: Sulfur Compounds
  1. History
  2. Background and Uses
  3. Physical and Chemical Properties
  4. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Mode of Action(s)
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. References
  10. Background and Uses
  11. Physical and Chemical Properties
  12. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  13. Mammalian Toxicology
  14. Mode of Action(s)
  15. Industrial Hygiene
  16. Risk Assessments
  17. References
  18. Background and Uses
  19. Physical and Chemical Properties
  20. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  21. Mammalian Toxicology
  22. Mode of Action(s)
  23. Industrial Hygiene
  24. Risk Assessments
  25. References
Section IV: Organic Compounds
1. Chapter 53: Aliphatic Hydrocarbons
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
  8. Background and Uses
  9. Physical and Chemical Properties
  10. Mammalian Toxicology
  11. Sources of Exposure
  12. Industrial Hygiene
  13. Medical Management
  14. References
  15. Background and Uses
  16. Physical and Chemical Properties
  17. Mammalian Toxicology
  18. Sources of Exposure
  19. Industrial Hygiene
  20. Medical Management
  21. References
  22. Background and Uses
  23. Physical and Chemical Properties
  24. Mammalian Toxicology
  25. Sources of Exposure
  26. Industrial Hygiene
  27. Medical Management
  28. References
  29. Background and Uses
  30. Physical and Chemical Properties
  31. Mammalian Toxicology
  32. Sources of Exposure
  33. Industrial Hygiene
  34. Medical Management
  35. References
  36. Background and Uses
  37. Physical and Chemical Properties
  38. Mammalian Toxicology
  39. Sources of Exposure
  40. Industrial Hygiene
  41. Medical Management
  42. References
  43. Background and Uses
  44. Physical and Chemical Properties
  45. Mammalian Toxicology
  46. Sources of Exposure
  47. Industrial Hygiene
  48. Medical Management
  49. References
2. Chapter 54: Alcohols and Glycols
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
  8. Background and Uses
  9. Physical and Chemical Properties
  10. Mammalian Toxicology
  11. Sources of Exposure
  12. Industrial Hygiene
  13. Medical Management
  14. References
  15. Background and Uses
  16. Physical and Chemical Properties
  17. Mammalian Toxicology
  18. Sources of Exposure
  19. Industrial Hygiene
  20. Medical Management
  21. References
  22. Background and Uses
  23. Physical and Chemical Properties
  24. Mammalian Toxicology
  25. Sources of Exposure
  26. Industrial Hygiene
  27. References
  28. Background and Uses
  29. Physical and Chemical Properties
  30. Mammalian Toxicology
  31. Industrial Hygiene
  32. References
  33. Background and Uses
  34. Physical and Chemical Properties
  35. Mammalian Toxicology
  36. Industrial Hygiene
  37. References
  38. Background and Uses
  39. Physical and Chemical Properties
  40. Mammalian Toxicology
  41. Sources of Exposure
  42. Industrial Hygiene
  43. Medical Management
  44. References
  45. Background and Uses
  46. Physical and Chemical Properties
  47. Mammalian Toxicology
  48. Industrial Hygiene
  49. References
  50. Background and Uses
  51. Mammalian Toxicology
  52. Industrial Hygiene
  53. Medical Management
  54. References
  55. Background and Uses
  56. Physical and Chemical Properties
  57. Mammalian Toxicology
  58. Industrial Hygiene
  59. References
  60. Background and Uses
  61. Physical and Chemical Properties
  62. Mammalian Toxicology
  63. Industrial Hygiene
  64. References
  65. Background and Uses
  66. Physical and Chemical Properties
  67. Mammalian Toxicology
  68. Sources of Exposure
  69. Industrial Hygiene
  70. Medical Management
  71. References
  72. Background and Uses
  73. Physical and Chemical Properties
  74. Mammalian Toxicology
  75. Sources of Exposure
  76. Industrial Hygiene
  77. Medical Management
  78. References
3. Chapter 55: Aldehydes and Ketones
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
  8. Background and Uses
  9. Physical and Chemical Properties
  10. Mammalian Toxicology
  11. Sources of Exposure
  12. Industrial Hygiene
  13. Medical Management
  14. References
  15. Background and Uses
  16. Physical and Chemical Properties
  17. Mammalian Toxicology
  18. Sources of Exposure
  19. Industrial Hygiene
  20. Medical Management
  21. References
  22. Background and Uses
  23. Physical and Chemical Properties
  24. Mammalian Toxicology
  25. Sources of Exposure
  26. Industrial Hygiene
  27. Medical Management
  28. References
  29. Background and Uses
  30. Physical and Chemical Properties
  31. Mammalian Toxicology
  32. Sources of Exposure
  33. Industrial Hygiene
  34. Medical Management
  35. References
  36. Background and Uses
  37. Physical and Chemical Properties
  38. Mammalian Toxicology
  39. Sources of Exposure
  40. Industrial Hygiene
  41. Medical Management
  42. References
  43. Background and Uses
  44. Physical and Chemical Properties
  45. Mammalian Toxicology
  46. Sources of Exposure
  47. Industrial Hygiene
  48. Medical Management
  49. References
  50. Background and Uses
  51. Physical and Chemical Properties
  52. Mammalian Toxicology
  53. Sources of Exposure
  54. Industrial Hygiene
  55. Medical Management
  56. References
  57. Background and Uses
  58. Physical and Chemical Properties
  59. Mammalian Toxicology
  60. Sources of Exposure
  61. Industrial Hygiene
  62. Medical Management
  63. References
  64. Background and Uses
  65. Physical and Chemical Properties
  66. Mammalian Toxicology
  67. Sources of Exposure
  68. Industrial Hygiene
  69. Medical Management
  70. References
  71. Background and Uses
  72. Physical and Chemical Properties
  73. Mammalian Toxicology
  74. Sources of Exposure
  75. Industrial Hygiene
  76. Medical Management
  77. References
  78. Background and Uses
  79. Physical and Chemical Properties
  80. Mammalian Toxicology
  81. Sources of Exposure
  82. Industrial Hygiene
  83. Medical Management
  84. References
  85. References
4. Chapter 56: Ethers and Epoxides
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
  8. Background and Uses
  9. Physical and Chemical Properties
  10. Mammalian Toxicology
  11. Sources of Exposure
  12. Industrial Hygiene
  13. Medical Management
  14. References
  15. Background and Uses
  16. Physical and Chemical Properties
  17. Mammalian Toxicology
  18. Sources of Exposure
  19. Industrial Hygiene
  20. Medical Management
  21. References
  22. Background and Uses
  23. Physical and Chemical Properties
  24. Mammalian Toxicology
  25. Sources of Exposure
  26. Industrial Hygiene
  27. Medical Management
  28. References
5. Chapter 57: Esters
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
  8. Background and Uses
  9. Physical and Chemical Properties
  10. Mammalian Toxicology
  11. Sources of Exposure
  12. Industrial Hygiene
  13. Medical Management
  14. References
  15. Background and Uses
  16. Physical and Chemical Properties
  17. Mammalian Toxicology
  18. Sources of Exposure
  19. Industrial Hygiene
  20. Medical Management
  21. References
  22. Background and Uses
  23. Physical and Chemical Properties
  24. Sources of Exposure
  25. Industrial Hygiene
  26. Medical Management
  27. References
  28. Background and Uses
  29. Physical and Chemical Properties
  30. Mammalian Toxicology
  31. Sources of Exposure
  32. Industrial Hygiene
  33. Medical Management
  34. References
  35. Background and Uses
  36. Physical and Chemical Properties
  37. Mammalian Toxicology
  38. Sources of Exposure
  39. Industrial Hygiene
  40. Medical Management
  41. References
  42. Background and Uses
  43. Physical and Chemical Properties
  44. Mammalian Toxicology
  45. Sources of Exposure
  46. Industrial Hygiene
  47. Medical Management
  48. References
  49. Background and Uses
  50. Physical and Chemical Properties
  51. Mammalian Toxicology
  52. Sources of Exposure
  53. Industrial Hygiene
  54. Medical Management
  55. References
  56. Background and Uses
  57. Physical and Chemical Properties
  58. Mammalian Toxicology
  59. Sources of Exposure
  60. Industrial Hygiene
  61. Medical Management
  62. References
  63. Background and Uses
  64. Physical and Chemical Properties
  65. Mammalian Toxicology
  66. Sources of Exposure
  67. Industrial Hygiene
  68. Medical Management
  69. References
  70. References
  71. Background and Uses
  72. Physical and Chemical Properties
  73. Mammalian Toxicology
  74. Sources of Exposure
  75. Industrial Hygiene
  76. Medical Management
  77. References
  78. Background and Uses
  79. Physical and Chemical Properties
  80. Mammalian Toxicology
  81. Sources of Exposure
  82. Industrial Hygiene
  83. Medical Management
  84. References
  85. Background and Uses
  86. Physical and Chemical Properties
  87. Mammalian Toxicology
  88. Sources of Exposure
  89. Industrial Hygiene
  90. Medical Management
  91. References
  92. Background and Uses
  93. References
  94. References
6. Chapter 58: Chlorinated Hydrocarbons
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. References
  10. Background and Uses
  11. Physical and Chemical Properties
  12. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  13. Ecotoxicology
  14. Mammalian Toxicology
  15. Sources of Exposure
  16. Industrial Hygiene
  17. Risk Assessments
  18. References
  19. Background and Uses
  20. Physical and Chemical Properties
  21. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  22. Ecotoxicology
  23. Mammalian Toxicology
  24. Sources of Exposure
  25. Industrial Hygiene
  26. Risk Assessments
  27. References
  28. Background and Uses
  29. Physical and Chemical Properties
  30. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  31. Ecotoxicology
  32. Mammalian Toxicology
  33. Sources of Exposure
  34. Industrial Hygiene
  35. Risk Assessments
  36. References
  37. Background and Uses
  38. Physical and Chemical Properties
  39. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  40. Ecotoxicology
  41. Mammalian Toxicology
  42. Sources of Exposure
  43. Industrial Hygiene
  44. Risk Assessments
  45. References
  46. Background and Uses
  47. Physical and Chemical Properties
  48. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  49. Ecotoxicology
  50. Mammalian Toxicology
  51. Sources of Exposure
  52. Industrial Hygiene
  53. Risk Assessments
  54. References
  55. Background and Uses
  56. Physical and Chemical Properties
  57. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  58. Ecotoxicology
  59. Mammalian Toxicology
  60. Sources of Exposure
  61. Industrial Hygiene
  62. Risk Assessments
  63. References
  64. Background and Uses
  65. Physical and Chemical Properties
  66. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  67. Ecotoxicology
  68. Mammalian Toxicology
  69. Sources of Exposure
  70. Industrial Hygiene
  71. Risk Assessments
  72. References
  73. Background and Uses
  74. Physical and Chemical Properties
  75. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  76. Ecotoxicology
  77. Mammalian Toxicology
  78. Sources of Exposure
  79. Industrial Hygiene
  80. Risk Assessments
  81. References
  82. Background and Uses
  83. Physical and Chemical Properties
  84. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  85. Ecotoxicology
  86. Mammalian Toxicology
  87. Sources of Exposure
  88. Industrial Hygiene
  89. Risk Assessments
  90. References
  91. Background and Uses
  92. Physical and Chemical Properties
  93. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  94. Ecotoxicology
  95. Mammalian Toxicology
  96. Sources of Exposure
  97. Industrial Hygiene
  98. Risk Assessments
  99. References
7. Chapter 59: Other Halogenated Hydrocarbons
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. References
  10. Background and Uses
  11. Physical and Chemical Properties
  12. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  13. Ecotoxicology
  14. Mammalian Toxicology
  15. Sources of Exposure
  16. Industrial Hygiene
  17. Risk Assessments
  18. References
  19. Background and Uses
  20. Physical and Chemical Properties
  21. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  22. Ecotoxicology
  23. Mammalian Toxicology
  24. Sources of Exposure
  25. Industrial Hygiene
  26. Risk Assessments
  27. References
  28. Background and Uses
  29. Physical and Chemical Properties
  30. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  31. Ecotoxicology
  32. Mammalian Toxicology
  33. Sources of Exposure
  34. Industrial Hygiene
  35. Risk Assessments
  36. References
  37. Background and Uses
  38. Physical and Chemical Properties
  39. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  40. Ecotoxicology
  41. Mammalian Toxicology
  42. Sources of Exposure
  43. Industrial Hygiene
  44. Risk Assessments
  45. References
8. Chapter 60: Aromatic Hydrocarbons
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
  8. Background and Uses
  9. Physical and Chemical Properties
  10. Mammalian Toxicology
  11. Sources of Exposure
  12. Industrial Hygiene
  13. Medical Management
  14. References
  15. Background and Uses
  16. Physical and Chemical Properties
  17. Mammalian Toxicology
  18. Sources of Exposure
  19. Industrial Hygiene
  20. Medical Management
  21. References
  22. Background and Uses
  23. Physical and Chemical Properties
  24. Health Effects
  25. Sources of Exposure
  26. Industrial Hygiene
  27. Biomonitoring
  28. Medical Management
  29. References
  30. Background and Uses
  31. Physical and Chemical Properties
  32. Acute and Chronic Health Effects
  33. Mechanism of Action
  34. Sources of Exposure
  35. Industrial Hygiene
  36. Biomonitoring
  37. Medical Management
  38. References
  39. Background and Uses
  40. Physical and Chemical Properties
  41. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  42. Ecotoxicology
  43. Mammalian Toxicology
  44. Mechanism of Action
  45. Sources of Exposure
  46. Biomonitoring
  47. Medical Management
  48. References
  49. Background and Uses
  50. Health Effects
  51. Target Organs and Mechnanism of Action
  52. Industrial Hygiene
  53. Treatment
  54. References
  55. Background and Uses
  56. Health Effects
  57. Histopathology
  58. Industrial Hygiene
  59. References
9. Chapter 61: Amino and Nitro Compounds
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Mechanism(s) of Action
  5. Chemical Pathology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Medical Management
  9. References
  10. Background and Uses
  11. Physical and Chemical Properties
  12. Mammalian Toxicology
  13. Sources of Exposure
  14. Industrial Hygiene
  15. Medical Management
  16. References
  17. Background and Uses
  18. Physical and Chemical Properties
  19. Mammalian Toxicology
  20. Sources of Exposure
  21. Industrial Hygiene
  22. Medical Management
  23. References
  24. Background and Uses
  25. Physical and Chemical Properties
  26. Mammalian Toxicology
  27. Sources of Exposure
  28. Industrial Hygiene
  29. Medical Management
  30. References
  31. Background and Uses
  32. Physical and Chemical Properties
  33. Mammalian Toxicology
  34. Mechanism(s) of Action
  35. Chemical Pathology
  36. Sources of Exposure
  37. Industrial Hygiene
  38. Medical Management
  39. References
  40. Background and Uses
  41. Physical and Chemical Properties
  42. Mammalian Toxicology
  43. Mechanism(s) of Action
  44. Chemical Pathology
  45. Sources of Exposure
  46. Industrial Hygiene
  47. Medical Management
  48. References
10. Chapter 62: Methyl Tert-butyl Ether (MTBE)
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. U.S. EPA
  10. ATSDR
  11. WHO
  12. NTP
  13. References
11. Chapter 63: Ethyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (ETBE)
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. References
12. Chapter 64: tert-Butyl Alcohol
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. References
13. Chapter 65: Naphthalene
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Regulatory Reports on Carcinogenesis
  6. Industrial Hygiene
  7. Medical Management
  8. References
14. Chapter 66: Gasoline (Petrol, Motor Spirits, Motor Fuel, Natural Gasoline, Benzin, Mogas)
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
15. Chapter 67: 1-Bromopropane
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. References
16. Chapter 68: Diacetyl
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
17. Chapter 69: Perfluoroalkyl Compounds
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
  8. Perfluorobutyrate (PFBA)
  9. Background and Uses
  10. Physical and Chemical Properties
  11. Mammalian Toxicology
  12. Sources of Exposure
  13. Industrial Hygiene
  14. Medical Management
  15. References
  16. Perfluorohexane Sulfonate (PFHxS)
  17. Background and Uses
  18. Physical and Chemical Properties
  19. Mammalian Toxicology
  20. Sources of Exposure
  21. Industrial Hygiene
  22. Medical Management
  23. References
  24. Perfluorohexanoic Acid (PFHxA)
  25. Background and Uses
  26. Physical and Chemical Properties
  27. Mammalian Toxicology
  28. Sources of Exposure
  29. Industrial Hygiene
  30. Medical Management
  31. References
  32. Perfluoroheptanoate (PFHpA)
  33. Background and Uses
  34. Physical and Chemical Properties
  35. Mammalian Toxicology
  36. Sources of Exposure
  37. Industrial Hygiene
  38. Medical Management
  39. References
  40. Perfluorooctane Sulfonate (PFOS)
  41. Background and Uses
  42. Physical and Chemical Properties
  43. Mammalian Toxicology
  44. Sources of Exposure
  45. Industrial Hygiene
  46. Medical Management
  47. References
  48. Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA)
  49. Background and Uses
  50. Physical and Chemical Properties
  51. Mammalian Toxicology
  52. Sources of Exposure
  53. Industrial Hygiene
  54. Medical Management
  55. References
  56. Perfluorononanoic Acid (PFNA)
  57. Background and Uses
  58. Physical and Chemical Properties
  59. Mammalian Toxicology
  60. Sources of Exposure
  61. Industrial Hygiene
  62. Medical Management
  63. References
  64. Perfluorodecanoic Acid (PFDA)
  65. Background and Uses
  66. Physical and Chemical Properties
  67. Mammalian Toxicology
  68. Sources of Exposure
  69. Industrial Hygiene
  70. Medical Management
  71. References
  72. Perfluoroundecanoic Acid (PFUnA)
  73. Background and Uses
  74. Physical and Chemical Properties
  75. Mammalian Toxicology
  76. Sources of Exposure
  77. Industrial Hygiene
  78. Medical Management
  79. References
  80. Perfluorododecanoic Acid (PFDoA)
  81. Background and Uses
  82. Physical and Chemical Properties
  83. Mammalian Toxicology
  84. Sources of Exposure
  85. Industrial Hygiene
  86. Medical Management
  87. References
18. Chapter 70: Tetrahydrofuran
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
19. Chapter 71: Perchloroethylene (Tetrachloroethylene)
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
20. Chapter 72: Trichloroethylene
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
21. Chapter 73: Acrylonitrile
  1. Background, Uses, and General Sources of Exposure
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology and Chemical Pathology
  6. Potential Exposures
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Medical Management
  9. Risk Assessments
  10. References
Section V: Organic High Polymers, Monomers, and Polymer Additives
1. Chapter 74: Introduction
  1. Hazards Following Combustion
  2. Industrial Hygiene, Health, and Safety Standards
2. Chapter 75: Plastics
  1. Thermosetting Resins
  2. References
  3. References
  4. References
  5. References
  6. References
  7. References
  8. Thermoplastics
  9. References
  10. References
  11. References
  12. References
  13. References
  14. References
  15. References
  16. References
  17. References
  18. References
3. Chapter 76: Elastomers
  1. Background
  2. References
  3. Polyethylenes
  4. Ethylene–Propylene Copolymers and Terpolymers
  5. Fluorinated Elastomers
  6. Neoprene
  7. Chloroprene
  8. References
  9. Polyisobutylene
  10. Polyisoprene
  11. Isoprene
  12. References
  13. Polysulfide Rubber
  14. Polyurethane
  15. Reference
  16. Silicone Rubbers
  17. Styrene–Butadiene Copolymer Rubbers
  18. References
  19. Additives in Elastomer Systems
  20. Reference
4. Chapter 77: Synthetic Fibers
  1. Background
  2. Acetates
  3. Acrylics
  4. Nylon
  5. Aramid
  6. Polyesters
  7. Polyurethane
  8. Rayon
  9. References
5. Chapter 78: Bisphenol A (4,4′-Isopropylidenediphenol)
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. References
6. Chapter 79: Polystyrene/Styrene
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Exposure
  3. Health Effects
  4. Mode of Action, Genotoxicity
  5. Cancer Classification
  6. Occupational Standards
  7. References
7. Chapter 80: Phthalates
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology and Mechanism of Action
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. Risk Assessments
  8. References
8. Chapter 81: Decabromodiphenyl Ethane
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. References
9. Chapter 82: Tetrabromobisphenol A
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. References
10. Chapter 83: Tris[2-Chloro-1-(Chloromethyl)Ethyl] Phosphate (TDCPP)
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. References
11. Chapter 84: Tris(2-Chloro-1-Methylethyl) Phosphate (TCPP)
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. References
Section VI: Pesticides
1. Chapter 85: Introduction
  1. References
2. Chapter 86: Insecticides
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Mammalian Toxicology
  3. Background and Uses
  4. Physical and Chemical Properties
  5. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  6. Ecotoxicology
  7. Mammalian Toxicology
  8. Sources of Exposure
  9. Industrial Hygiene
  10. Risk Assessments
  11. Background and Uses
  12. Physical and Chemical Properties
  13. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  14. Ecotoxicology
  15. Mammalian Toxicology
  16. Sources of Exposure
  17. Industrial Hygiene
  18. Risk Assessments
  19. Background and Uses
  20. Physical and Chemical Properties
  21. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  22. Ecotoxicology
  23. Mammalian Toxicology
  24. Sources of Exposure
  25. Industrial Hygiene
  26. Risk Assessments
  27. Background and Uses
  28. Physical and Chemical Properties
  29. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  30. Ecotoxicology
  31. Mammalian Toxicology
  32. Sources of Exposure
  33. Industrial Hygiene
  34. Risk Assessments
  35. Background and Uses
  36. Physical and Chemical Properties
  37. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  38. Ecotoxicology
  39. Mammalian Toxicology
  40. Sources of Exposure
  41. Industrial Hygiene
  42. Risk Assessments
  43. Background and Uses
  44. Physical and Chemical Properties
  45. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  46. Ecotoxicology
  47. Mammalian Toxicology
  48. Sources of Exposure
  49. Industrial Hygiene
  50. Risk Assessments
  51. Background and Uses
  52. Physical and Chemical Properties
  53. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  54. Ecotoxicology
  55. Mammalian Toxicology
  56. Sources of Exposure
  57. Industrial Hygiene
  58. Risk Assessments
  59. References
3. Chapter 87: Herbicides
  1. Introduction
  2. References
  3. Background and Uses
  4. Physical and Chemical Properties
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Medical Management
  9. References
  10. Background and Uses
  11. Physical and Chemical Properties
  12. Mammalian Toxicology
  13. Sources of Exposure
  14. Industrial Hygiene
  15. Medical Management
  16. References
  17. Background and Uses
  18. Physical and Chemical Properties
  19. Mammalian Toxicology
  20. Sources of Exposure
  21. Industrial Hygiene
  22. Medical Management
  23. References
  24. Background and Uses
  25. Physical and Chemical Properties
  26. Mammalian Toxicology
  27. Sources of Exposure
  28. Industrial Hygiene
  29. Medical Management
  30. References
  31. Background and Uses
  32. Physical and Chemical Properties
  33. Mammalian Toxicology
  34. Sources of Exposure
  35. Industrial Hygiene
  36. Medical Management
  37. References
  38. Background and Uses
  39. Physical and Chemical Properties
  40. Mammalian Toxicology
  41. Sources of Exposure
  42. Industrial Hygiene
  43. Medical Management
  44. References
  45. Background and Uses
  46. Physical and Chemical Properties
  47. Mammalian Toxicology
  48. Sources of Exposure
  49. Industrial Hygiene
  50. Medical Management
  51. References
  52. Background and Uses
  53. Physical and Chemical Properties
  54. Mammalian Toxicology
  55. Sources of Exposure
  56. Industrial Hygiene
  57. Medical Management
  58. References
  59. Background and Uses
  60. Physical and Chemical Properties
  61. Mammalian Toxicology
  62. Sources of Exposure
  63. Industrial Hygiene
  64. Medical Management
  65. References
  66. Background and Uses
  67. Physical and Chemical Properties
  68. Mammalian Toxicology
  69. Sources of Exposure
  70. Industrial Hygiene
  71. Medical Management
  72. References
  73. Background and Uses
  74. Physical and Chemical Properties
  75. Mammalian Toxicology
  76. Sources of Exposure
  77. Industrial Hygiene
  78. Medical Management
  79. References
  80. Background and Uses
  81. Physical and Chemical Properties
  82. Mammalian Toxicology
  83. Sources of Exposure
  84. Industrial Hygiene
  85. Medical Management
  86. References
  87. Background and Uses
  88. Physical and Chemical Properties
  89. Mammalian Toxicology
  90. Sources of Exposure
  91. Industrial Hygiene
  92. Medical Management
  93. References
4. Chapter 88: Fungicides
  1. Health Effect
  2. Target Organs and Mechanisms of Action
  3. References
  4. Industrial Hygiene
  5. Health Effects
  6. Target Organs and Mechanism of Action
  7. References
  8. Industrial Hygiene
  9. Health Effects
  10. Target Organs and Mechanism of Action
  11. References
  12. Industrial Hygiene
  13. Health Effects
  14. Target Organs and Mechanism of Action
  15. References
  16. Industrial Hygiene
  17. Health Effects
  18. Target Organs and Mechanism of Action
  19. References
  20. Industrial Hygiene
  21. Health Effects
  22. Target Organs and Mechanism of Action
  23. Biomonitoring
  24. References
  25. Industrial Hygiene
  26. Health Effects
  27. Target Organs
  28. References
  29. Industrial Hygiene
  30. Health Effects
  31. Target Organs and Mechanism of Action
  32. References
  33. Industrial Hygiene
  34. Acute Effects
  35. Chronic Effects
  36. Treatment
  37. Metabolism
  38. Target Organs
  39. Biomonitoring
  40. References
  41. Background and Uses
  42. Physical and Chemical Properties
  43. Mammalian Toxicology
  44. Sources of Exposure
  45. Industrial Hygiene
  46. Medical Management
  47. References
5. Chapter 89: Rodenticides
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
  8. Background and Uses
  9. Physical and Chemical Properties
  10. Mammalian Toxicology
  11. Sources of Exposure
  12. Industrial Hygiene
  13. Medical Management
  14. References
  15. Background and Uses
  16. Physical and Chemical Properties
  17. Mammalian Toxicology
  18. Sources of Exposure
  19. Industrial Hygiene
  20. Medical Management
  21. References
  22. Background and Uses
  23. Physical and Chemical Properties
  24. Mammalian Toxicology
  25. Sources of Exposure
  26. Industrial Hygiene
  27. Medical Management
  28. References
Section VII: Dusts and Fibers
1. Chapter 90: Introduction
  1. References
2. Chapter 91: Benign Dusts (Nuisance Dusts)
  1. Background
  2. Background
  3. Physical and Chemical Properties
  4. Exposure Routes and Mammalian Toxicology
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Background
  7. Exposure Routes and Mammalian Toxicology
  8. Industrial Hygiene
  9. Background
  10. Exposure Routes and Mammalian Toxicology
  11. Industrial Hygiene
  12. Background
  13. Exposure Routes and Mammalian Toxicology
  14. Industrial Hygiene
  15. Background
  16. Physical and Chemical Properties
  17. Exposure Routes and Mammalian Toxicology
  18. Industrial Hygiene
  19. Management of Nuisance Dusts
  20. References
3. Chapter 92: Fibrogenic Dusts
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Mammalian Toxicology
  5. Sources of Exposure
  6. Industrial Hygiene
  7. Risk Assessments
  8. References
  9. Background and Uses
  10. Physical and Chemical Properties
  11. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  12. Ecotoxicology
  13. Sources of Exposure
  14. Industrial Hygiene
  15. References
  16. Background and Uses
  17. Physical and Chemical Properties
  18. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  19. Ecotoxicology
  20. Mammalian Toxicology
  21. Sources of Exposure
  22. Industrial Hygiene
  23. References
4. Chapter 93: Mixed Dusts
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Chemical Pathology
  7. Mode of Action(s)
  8. Sources of Exposure
  9. Industrial Hygiene
  10. Risk Assessments
  11. References
  12. Background and Uses
  13. Physical and Chemical Properties
  14. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  15. Ecotoxicology
  16. Mammalian Toxicology
  17. Chemical Pathology
  18. Mode of Action(s)
  19. Sources of Exposure
  20. Industrial Hygiene
  21. Risk Assessments
  22. References
  23. Clays
  24. References
  25. Fuller's Earth
  26. References
  27. Granite
  28. Reference
  29. Mica
  30. References
  31. Slate
  32. Reference
  33. Calcium Dusts
  34. References
5. Chapter 94: Synthetic Vitreous Fibers
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
6. Chapter 95: Organic Dusts
  1. Introduction
  2. Sources of Exposure
  3. Associated Agents and Antigens
  4. Mechanism of Action
  5. Clinical and Diagnostic Considerations
  6. Industrial Hygiene
  7. Medical Management
  8. References
  9. Sources of Exposure
  10. Associated Agents and Antigens
  11. Mechanism of Action and Chemical Pathology
  12. Clinical and Diagnostic Considerations
  13. Industrial Hygiene
  14. Medical Management
  15. References
  16. Sources of Exposure
  17. Associated Agents and Antigens
  18. Mechanism of Action and Chemical Pathology
  19. Clinical and Diagnostic Considerations
  20. Industrial Hygiene
  21. Medical Management
  22. References
  23. Sources of Exposure
  24. Associated Agents and Antigens
  25. Mechanism of Action and Chemical Pathology
  26. Clinical and Diagnostic Considerations
  27. Industrial Hygiene
  28. Medical Management
  29. References
  30. Sources of Exposure
  31. Associated Agents and Antigens
  32. Mechanism of Action(s) and Chemical Pathology
  33. Clinical and Diagnostic Considerations
  34. Industrial Hygiene
  35. Medical Management
  36. References
  37. Sources of Exposure
  38. Associated Agents and Antigens
  39. Mechanism of Action and Chemical Pathology
  40. Clinical and Diagnostic Considerations
  41. Industrial Hygiene
  42. Medical Management
  43. References
  44. Sources of Exposure
  45. Associated Agents and Antigens
  46. Mechanism of Action and Chemical Pathology
  47. Clinical and Diagnostic Considerations
  48. Industrial Hygiene
  49. Medical Management
  50. References
  51. Sources of Exposure
  52. Associated Agents and Antigens
  53. Mechanism of Action and Chemical Pathology
  54. Clinical and Diagnostic Considerations
  55. Industrial Hygiene
  56. Medical Management
  57. References
  58. Sources of Exposure
  59. Farmer's Lung versus Organic Toxic Dust Syndrome (ODTS)
  60. Associated Agents and Antigens
  61. Mechanism of Action and Chemical Pathology
  62. Clinical and Diagnostic Considerations
  63. Industrial Hygiene
  64. Medical Management
  65. References
  66. Sources of Exposure
  67. Associated Agents and Antigens
  68. Mechanism of Action and Chemical Pathology
  69. Clinical and Diagnostic Considerations
  70. Industrial Hygiene
  71. Medical Management
  72. References
  73. Sources of Exposure
  74. Associated Agents or Antigens
  75. Mechanism of Action and Chemical Pathology
  76. Clinical and Diagnostic Considerations
  77. Industrial Hygiene
  78. Medical Management
  79. References
  80. Sources of Exposure
  81. Associated Agents and Antigens
  82. Mechanism of Action and Chemical Pathology
  83. Clinical and Diagnostic Considerations
  84. Industrial Hygiene
  85. Medical Management
  86. References
7. Chapter 96: Naturally Occurring Mineral Fibers
  1. Asbestos Minerals: Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Mammalian Toxicology
  5. Sources of Exposure
  6. Industrial Hygiene
  7. Risk Assessments
  8. References
  9. Background and Uses
  10. Physical and Chemical Properties
  11. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  12. Ecotoxicology
  13. Mammalian Toxicology
  14. Sources of Exposure
  15. Industrial Hygiene
  16. Risk Assessments
  17. References
  18. Background and Uses
  19. Physical and Chemical Properties
  20. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  21. Ecotoxicology
  22. Mammalian Toxicology
  23. Sources of Exposure
  24. Industrial Hygiene
  25. Risk Assessments
  26. References
8. Chapter 97: Nanoparticles
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Mammalian Toxicology
  3. Sources of Exposure
  4. Industrial Hygiene
  5. References
Section VIII: Physical Agents
1. Chapter 98: Radio-Frequency Radiation
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical Properties
  3. Mammalian Toxicology
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. AB HINC (From Here On…)
  7. References
2. Chapter 99: Optical Radiation: Ultraviolet, Visible Light, Infrared, and Lasers
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Sources of Exposure
  3. Bioeffects
  4. Exposure Guidelines
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
3. Chapter 100: Ionizing Radiation
  1. Ionizing Radiation
  2. Assessing Exposure to Ionizing Radiation
  3. Health Effects of Ionizing Radiation
  4. Radiation Exposure Limits and Guidelines
  5. References
4. Chapter 101: Electromagnetic Waves (EMF and RF) and Health Effects
  1. Background: The Electromagnetic Wave Spectrum, Nonionizing versus Ionizing Radiation
  2. Electric Power: 60 Hz Electric and Magnetic Fields (EMF)
  3. Radiofrequency (RF) Waves and Communications Technologies
  4. References
5. Chapter 102: Traumatogens Associated with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
  1. Background
  2. Classification of Musculoskeletal Disorders
  3. Medical Diagnosis of Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders
  4. Ergonomic Evaluation of Workplace Hazards
  5. Standards and Legislation
  6. Case Study
  7. Conclusions
  8. References
6. Chapter 103: Vibration
  1. Description of the Hazard
  2. Whole-Body and Hand–Arm Vibration
  3. Occupational Vibration Standards
  4. Health Effects of Occupational Exposure to Vibration
  5. Vibration Control
  6. Acknowledgement
  7. References
7. Chapter 104: Occupational Noise
  1. Background
  2. Facts and Statistics (NIOSH, 2010)
  3. Occupational Hearing Loss
  4. Anatomy of the Ear
  5. Principles and Physics of Sound
  6. Noise Standards
  7. Noise-Related Standards and Guidance Documents
  8. Other Federal Agency's Standards and Guidance
  9. State Standards
  10. Consensus Standards and Recommendations from Other Profesisonal Organizations
  11. References
8. Chapter 105: Heat Stress Illness
  1. Background
  2. Sources of Exposure
  3. Industrial Hygiene
  4. Medical Management
  5. References
Section IX: Special Topics
1. Chapter 106: Mode of Action/Human Relevance Framework
  1. References
2. Chapter 107: Carcinogenesis
  1. Background
  2. History
  3. Hallmarks of Cancer
  4. Heredity and Susceptibility
  5. Genes and Cancer
  6. Genetic Abnormalities
  7. Chemical Carcinogenesis
  8. Chemical Agents that Damage DNA
  9. Tobacco
  10. The Future of Oncology
  11. References
3. Chapter 108: Genotoxicity Testing Strategies, Guidelines, and Methods
  1. Introduction
  2. Genotoxicity
  3. Genotoxic Testing Guidelines
  4. Nonanimal Alternative Method
  5. Perspective
  6. References
4. Chapter 109: Human Relevance of Rodent Leydig Cell Tumors
  1. Introduction
  2. Development
  3. Steroidogenesis
  4. Pathology
  5. Mechanism of Tumor Induction
  6. Human Relevance
  7. Conclusion
  8. References
5. Chapter 110: Reproductive Toxicology
  1. Introduction
  2. Endocrine Disruption
  3. Male Reproductive System
  4. Female Reproductive System
  5. Developmental Toxicity
  6. References
6. Chapter 111: Developmental Toxicology
  1. Prenatal Exposures
  2. Prenatal Development and Windows of Susceptibility
  3. Postnatal Exposures
  4. Postnatal Susceptibilities
  5. Testing for Developmental Toxicity
  6. Specific Agents
  7. Resources for Evaluating Developmental Health Risks
  8. Acknowledgment
  9. References
7. Chapter 112: Ototoxicity
  1. Background
  2. Basic Cellular Biology of the Auditory and Vestibular System
  3. Oxidative Stress and Ototoxicity
  4. Drug Induced Ototoxicity
  5. Industrial Ototoxicity—The Problem of Noise and Solvent Exposure
  6. Otoprotection
  7. Conclusion
  8. References
8. Chapter 113: Dermal and Ocular Toxicity
  1. Introduction
  2. Overview
  3. Mechanism of Sensitization
  4. Methods of Sensitivity Testing
  5. Occupational Considerations
  6. References
  7. Overview
  8. Dermal Irritation Assays
  9. Dermal Corrosion Assays
  10. Dermal Sensitization Assays
  11. References
  12. Overview
  13. Mechanisms of Eye Irritation
  14. Testing
  15. Summary
  16. References
9. Chapter 114: Reactive Airways Dysfunction Syndrome (RADS)
  1. Background
  2. Exposures Which Have Been Associated with RADS
  3. Dose-Response Relationships
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Medical Management
  7. References
10. Chapter 115: Pulmonary Sensitization
  1. Background
  2. Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
  3. Occupational Asthma
  4. Sources of Exposure
  5. Dose–Response Relationships
  6. Industrial Hygiene
  7. Medical Management
  8. References
11. Chapter 116: “Street” and Prescription Drug Abuse
  1. Introduction
  2. Background and Uses
  3. Physical and Chemical Properties
  4. Toxicology
  5. Modes of Administration
  6. Drug Screening
  7. Medical Management
  8. References
  9. Background and Uses
  10. Physical and Chemical Properties
  11. Toxicology
  12. Modes of Administration
  13. Drug Screening
  14. Medical Management
  15. References
  16. Background and Uses
  17. Physical and Chemical Properties
  18. Toxicology
  19. Modes of Administration
  20. Drug Screening
  21. Medical Management
  22. References
  23. Background and Uses
  24. Physical and Chemical Properties
  25. Toxicology
  26. Modes of Administration
  27. Diagnostic Methodologies
  28. Medical Management
  29. References
  30. Background and Uses
  31. Physical and Chemical Properties
  32. Toxicology
  33. Modes of Administration
  34. Drug Screening
  35. Medical Management
  36. References
  37. Background and Uses
  38. Physical and Chemical Properties
  39. Toxicology
  40. Modes of Administration
  41. Drug Screening
  42. Medical Management
  43. References
  44. Background and Uses
  45. Physical and Chemical Properties
  46. Toxicology
  47. Modes of Administration
  48. Drug Screening
  49. Medical Management
  50. References
12. Chapter 117: Mycotoxins
  1. Aflatoxins
  2. Industrial Hygiene
  3. Acute Effects
  4. Chronic Effects
  5. Metabolism
  6. Mechanism of Action
  7. Biomonitoring
  8. Risk Assessment
  9. Ochratoxins
  10. Industrial Hygiene
  11. Acute Effects
  12. Chronic Effects
  13. Metabolism
  14. Mechanism of Action
  15. Biomonitoring
  16. Risk Assessment
  17. References
13. Chapter 118: Phosphine
  1. Background and Uses
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate and Bioaccumulation
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Sources of Exposure
  7. Industrial Hygiene
  8. Risk Assessments
  9. References
14. Chapter 119: Diesel Exhaust
  1. Background
  2. Physical and Chemical Properties
  3. Environmental Fate
  4. Ecotoxicology
  5. Mammalian Toxicology
  6. Chemical Pathology
  7. Hypothesized Modes of Action
  8. Sources of Exposure
  9. Industrial Hygiene
  10. Risk Assessments
  11. References
15. Chapter 120: Spaceflight Operations
  1. Industry Overview
  2. Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health Program
  3. Hazardous Materials Used in Space Operations
  4. Hydrazines
  5. Industrial Hygiene
  6. Health Effects
  7. Medical Treatment of Significant Exposures
  8. Nitrogen Tetroxide/Nitrogen Dioxide
  9. Industrial Hygiene
  10. Health Effects
  11. Medical Treatment of Significant Exposures
  12. Historical Toxic Hazard Incidents in Ground Operations
  13. Prevention and Treatment of Toxic Hazards in Ground Operations
  14. Toxic Hazard Incidents During Spaceflight
  15. Prevention and Treatment of Toxic Hazards During Spaceflight
  16. Contingency Response to Spills or Significant Exposure
  17. Radiation Safety Considerations When Planning for and Supporting Major Radiological Source Space Launches
  18. Future Spaceflight Toxic Hazards
  19. References
16. Chapter 121: Regulatory Toxicology
  1. Background
  2. Testing Standards
  3. Industrial Chemical Regulations
  4. REACH
  5. Worker Protection Laws
  6. Hazard Communication
  7. References
Index
End User License Agreement

List of Tables

Table 1.1
Table 1.2
Table 3.1
Table 3.2
Table 6.1
Table 6.2
Table 7.1
Table 7.2
Table 7.3
Table 8.1
Table 8.2
Table 9.1
Table 11.1
Table 12.1
Table 15.1
Table 15.2
Table 15.3
Table 17.1
Table 17.2
Table 17.3
Table 18.1
Table 19.1
Table 20.1
Table 21.1
Table 21.2
Table 21.3
Table 21.4
Table 21.5
Table 23.1
Table 25.1
Table 30.1
Table 32.1
Table 32.2
Table 36.1
Table 37.1
Table 37.2
Table 37.3
Table 37.4
Table 37.5
Table 37.6
Table 38.1
Table 40.1
Table 40.2
Table 40.3
Table 40.4
Table 40.5
Table 40.6
Table 40.7
Table 40.8
Table 40.9
Table 43.1
Table 43.2
Table 45.1
Table 46.1
Table 46.2
Table 46.3
Table 47.1
Table 47.2
Table 47.3
Table 48.1
Table 48.2
Table 49.1
Table 51.1
Table 56.1
Table 56.2
Table 56.3
Table 56.4
Table 57.1
Table 60.1
Table 60.2
Table 60.3
Table 62.1
Table 63.1
Table 64.1
Table 64.2
Table 66.1
Table 67.1
Table 67.2
Table 67.3
Table 67.4
Table 68.1
Table 73.1
Table 73.2
Table 73.3
Table 73.4
Table 73.5
Table 73.6
Table 73.7
Table 74.1
Table 78.1
Table 80.1
Table 80.2
Table 80.3
Table 80.4
Table 80.5
Table 81.1
Table 82.1
Table 82.2
Table 82.3
Table 83.1
Table 83.2
Table 83.3
Table 83.4
Table 83.5
Table 83.6
Table 84.1
Table 84.2
Table 84.3
Table 84.4
Table 84.5
Table 84.6
Table 84.7
Table 94.1
Table 94.2
Table 95.1
Table 95.2
Table 95.3
Table 96.1
Table 98.1
Table 98.2
Table 98.3
Table 98.4
Table 99.1
Table 99.2
Table 99.3
Table 99.4
Table 100.1
Table 100.2
Table 100.3
Table 100.4
Table 100.5
Table 100.6
Table 101.1
Table 101.2
Table 101.3
Table 101.4
Table 101.5
Table 102.1
Table 103.1
Table 103.2
Table 103.3
Table 103.4
Table 104.1
Table 104.2
Table 106.1
Table 107.1
Table 107.2
Table 107.3
Table 107.4
Table 108.1
Table 108.2
Table 108.3
Table 108.4
Table 108.5
Table 108.6
Table 111.1
Table 112.1
Table 113.1
Table 113.2
Table 113.3
Table 113.4
Table 117.1
Table 117.2
Table 117.3
Table 117.4
Table 118.1
Table 118.2
Table 119.1
Table 119.2
Table 120.1