Series Editors, Alan S. Kaufman and Nadeen L. Kaufman
Essentials of 16 PF ® Assessment by Heather E.-P. Cattell and James M. Schuerger
Essentials of ADHD Assessment for Children and Adolescents by Elizabeth P. Sparrow and Drew Erhardt
Essentials of Assessing, Preventing, and Overcoming Reading Difficulties by David A. Kilpatrick
Essentials of Assessment Report Writing by Elizabeth O. Lichtenberger, Nancy Mather, Nadeen L. Kaufman, and Alan S. Kaufman
Essentials of Assessment with Brief Intelligence Tests by Susan R. Homack and Cecil R. Reynolds
Essentials of Autism Spectrum Disorders Evaluation and Assessment by Celine A. Saulnier and Pamela E. Ventola
Essentials of Bayley Scales of Infant Development–II Assessment by Maureen M. Black and Kathleen Matula
Essentials of Behavioral Assessment by Michael C. Ramsay, Cecil R. Reynolds, and R. W. Kamphaus
Essentials of Career Interest Assessment by Jeffrey P. Prince and Lisa J. Heiser
Essentials of CAS Assessment by Jack A. Naglieri
Essentials of Cognitive Assessment with KAIT and Other Kaufman Measures by Elizabeth O. Lichtenberger, Debra Broadbooks, and Alan S. Kaufman
Essentials of Conners Behavior Assessments™ by Elizabeth P. Sparrow
Essentials of Creativity Assessment by James C. Kaufman, Jonathan A. Plucker, and John Baer
Essentials of Cross-Battery Assessment, Third Edition by Dawn P. Flanagan, Samuel O. Ortiz, and Vincent C. Alfonso
Essentials of DAS-II® Assessment by Ron Dumont, John O. Willis, and Colin D. Elliot
Essentials of Dyslexia Assessment and Intervention by Nancy Mather and Barbara J. Wendling
Essentials of Evidence-Based Academic Interventions by Barbara J. Wendling and Nancy Mather
Essentials of Executive Functions Assessment by George McCloskey and Lisa A. Perkins
Essentials of Forensic Psychological Assessment, Second Edition by Marc J. Ackerman
Essentials of Gifted Assessment by Steven I. Pfeiffer
Essentials of IDEA for Assessment Professionals by Guy McBride, Ron Dumont, and John O. Willis
Essentials of Individual Achievement Assessment by Douglas K. Smith
Essentials of Intellectual Disability Assessment and Identification Alan W. Brue and Linda Wilmshurst
Essentials of KABC-II Assessment by Alan S. Kaufman, Elizabeth O. Lichtenberger, Elaine Fletcher-Janzen, and Nadeen L. Kaufman
Essentials of Millon Inventories Assessment, Third Edition by Stephen Strack
Essentials of MMPI-A Assessment by Robert P. Archer and Radhika Krishnamurthy
Essentials of MMPI-2® Assessment, Second Edition by David S. Nichols
Essentials of Myers-Briggs Type Indicator® Assessment, Second Edition by Naomi Quenk
Essentials of NEPSY®-II Assessment by Sally L. Kemp and Marit Korkman
Essentials of Neuropsychological Assessment, Second Edition by Nancy Hebben and William Milberg
Essentials of Nonverbal Assessment by Steve McCallum, Bruce Bracken, and John Wasserman
Essentials of PAI® Assessment by Leslie C. Morey
Essentials of Planning, Selecting, and Tailoring Interventions for Unique Learners by Jennifer T. Mascolo, Vincent C. Alfonso, and Dawn P. Flanagan
Essentials of Processing Assessment, Second Edition by Milton J. Dehn
Essentials of Response to Intervention by Amanda M. VanDerHeyden and Matthew K. Burns
Essentials of Rorschach® Assessment by Tara Rose, Nancy Kaser-Boyd, and Michael P. Maloney
Essentials of School Neuropsychological Assessment, Second Edition by Daniel C. Miller
Essentials of Specific Learning Disability Identification by Dawn Flanagan and Vincent C. Alfonso
Essentials of Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales (SB5) Assessment by Gale H. Roid and R. Andrew Barram
Essentials of TAT and Other Storytelling Assessments, Second Edition by Hedwig Teglasi
Essentials of Temperament Assessment by Diana Joyce
Essentials of WAIS®-IV Assessment, Second Edition by Elizabeth O. Lichtenberger and Alan S. Kaufman
Essentials of WIAT®-III and KTEA-II Assessment by Elizabeth O. Lichtenberger and Kristina C. Breaux
Essentials of WISC®-IV Assessment, Second Edition by Dawn P. Flanagan and Alan S. Kaufman
Essentials of WJ III™ Cognitive Abilities Assessment, Second Edition by Fredrick A. Schrank, Daniel C. Miller, Barbara J. Wendling, and Richard W. Woodcock
Essentials of WJ IV™ Tests of Achievement Assessment by Nancy Mather and Barbara J. Wendling
Essentials of WMS®-IV Assessment by Lisa Whipple Drozdick, James A. Holdnack, and Robin C. Hilsabeck
Essentials of WNV™ Assessment by Kimberly A. Brunnert, Jack A. Naglieri, and Steven T. Hardy-Braz
Essentials of WPPSI™-IV Assessment by Susan Engi Raiford and Diane Coalson
Essentials of WRAML2 and TOMAL-2 Assessment by Wayne Adams and Cecil R. Reynolds
Copyright © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Brue, Alan W., author. | Wilmshurst, Linda, author.
Title: Essentials of intellectual disability assessment and identification / Alan W. Brue, Linda Wilmshurst.
Description: Hoboken, New Jersey : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016 | Series: Essentials of psychological assessment | Includes index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2015051194| ISBN 9781118875094 (paperback) | ISBN 9781118875643 (ePDF) ISBN 9781118875537 (epub)
Subjects: LCSH: Mental retardation. | Developmental disabilities. | Intelligence tests. | Educational tests and measurements. | BISAC: PSYCHOLOGY / Assessment, Testing & Measurement.
Classification: LCC RC570 .B78 2016 | DDC 362.3—dc23 LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2015051194
Cover design by Wiley
Cover image: © Greg Kuchik/Getty Images
This book is dedicated to the memory of my mentor and friend, Dr. Thomas Oakland, who has been and continues to be an inspiration to many around the world.
—Alan W. Brue
In the Essentials of Psychological Assessment series, we have attempted to provide the reader with books that will deliver key practical information in the most efficient and accessible style. Many books in the series feature specific instruments in a variety of domains, such as cognition, personality, education, and neuropsychology. Other books, like Essentials of Intellectual Disability Assessment and Identification, focus on crucial topics for professionals who are involved in any way with assessment—topics such as specific reading disabilities, evidence-based interventions, and ADHD assessment. For the experienced professional, books in the series offer a concise yet thorough review of a test instrument or a specific area of expertise, including numerous tips for best practices. Students can turn to series books for a clear and concise overview of the important assessment tools and of key topics in which they must become proficient to practice skillfully, efficiently, and ethically in their chosen fields.
Wherever feasible, visual cues highlighting key points are utilized alongside systematic, step-by-step guidelines. Chapters are focused and succinct. Topics are organized for an easy understanding of the essential material related to a particular test or topic. Theory and research are continually woven into the fabric of each book, but the aim always is to enhance the practical application of the material rather than to sidetrack or overwhelm readers. With this series, we aim to challenge and assist readers interested in psychological assessment to aspire to the highest level of competency by arming them with the tools they need for knowledgeable, informed practice. We have long been advocates of “intelligent” testing—the notion that numbers are meaningless unless they are brought to life by the clinical acumen and expertise of examiners. Assessment must be used to make a difference in the child's or adult's life, or why bother to test? All books in the series—whether devoted to specific tests or general topics—are consistent with this credo. We want this series to help our readers, novice and veteran alike, to benefit from the intelligent assessment approaches of the authors of each book.
We are delighted to include Essentials of Intellectual Disability Assessment and Identification in our series. This book offers a concise overview of the nature of an intellectual disability and adaptive skills functioning in children, adolescents, and adults. Providing an in-depth look at intellectual disability assessment and identification, the authors discuss the history of intellectual disability, its causes, comorbid disorders, diagnostic criteria and special education eligibility criteria, legal issues such as capital punishment, theories of intelligence, test instruments used in the assessment of an intellectual disability, and postassessment planning. In addition, they illustrate in sample reports how assessment data can be integrated in a brief report in order to inform treatment and guide interventions.
Alan S. Kaufman, PhD, and Nadeen L. Kaufman, EdD, Series Editors
Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine
We would like to thank Marquita Flemming, Senior Editor at Wiley, for all of her assistance. She provided a great deal of help and support – from project inception to the final manuscript – and always offered great feedback. We are grateful to have worked with her.