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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Kay, Jack F., editor. | MacNeil, James D., editor. | Wang, Jian, 1964-editor.
Title: Chemical analysis of non-antimicrobial veterinary drug residues in food / edited by Jack F. Kay, James D. MacNeil, Jian Wang.
Description: Hoboken, New Jersey : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., [2017] | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016033527| ISBN 9781118695074 (cloth) | ISBN 9781119325901 (epub)
Subjects: LCSH: Veterinary drug residues. | Food contamination.
Classification: LCC RA1270.V47 C4425 2017 | DDC 664/.07–dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016033527
WILEY SERIES ON MASS SPECTROMETRY
Series Editors
Dominic M. Desiderio
Departments of Neurology and Biochemistry University of Tennessee Health Science Center
Joseph A. Loo
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry UCLA
Founding Editors
Nico M. M. Nibbering (1938–2014)
Dominic M. Desiderio
A complete list of the titles in this series appears at the end of this volume.
Dedication
This book is dedicated to the memory of Dr. John J. O'Rangers Jr., 11 June 1936–20 January 2013.
John was internationally well known and respected in the field of veterinary drug residue chemistry and international regulations. Both Dr. James MacNeil and Dr. Jack Kay were honored to have known and worked with him over many years and also to call him a friend. Developing international cooperation and understanding was a cornerstone of John's view of life and work ethic, regardless of the more politically opinionated views held by some. Many international developments in this field and friendships are the result of the work John conducted behind the scenes to break down barriers. He truly was one of a kind and his passing leaves us all impoverished.
Preface
Food safety continues to be a topic of great interest to consumers and is frequently a topic for media discussion. However, what is not routinely reported is the vast effort by many national, regional, and international bodies and scientists – both governmental and independent – to ensure that food production and trade do not place consumers at risk while ensuring a continuous supply of wholesome food.
A key aim of regulating the use of veterinary drugs is to ensure that authorized products are used responsibly in animals and that their residues in food of animal origin do not pose unacceptable health risks to consumers. To assist in this process, robust and validated analytical methods to detect a wide range of potential residues in food matrices are required.
The earlier volume in this series, Chemical Analysis of Antibiotic Residues in Food, was published in 2012 and set out in detail how drug safety is considered and limits are set for their residues in foods. It also described how residue monitoring programs are established and checked to ensure sound results are generated to inform necessary regulatory actions to protect consumers. These topics are generic and apply equally to antibiotics and other veterinary drug classes. The companion volume to this current book also provided detailed information on analytical methods for antibiotic residues.
The purpose of this current book, Chemical Analysis of Non-antimicrobial Veterinary Drug Residues, is to update readers on developments in technology and approaches since the publication of the earlier volume. It also seeks to expand the coverage of veterinary drug residues to all other key areas of veterinary drug treatments, thus providing a comprehensive two-volume set for reference and training purposes.
The main themes of the book include detailed discussions on emerging technologies (Chapter 2); high resolution mass spectrometry and related techniques (Chapter 3); hormones and β-agonists (Chapter 4); anthelmintics (Chapter 5); sedatives and tranquilizers (Chapter 6); pyrethroids, carbamates, organophosphates, and other pesticides used in veterinary medicines (Chapter 7); non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (Chapter 8); dyes (Chapter 9); and developments in the validation of multi-class multi-residue methods and related quality control/quality assurance issues (Chapter 10).
The editors and authors of this book are internationally recognized experts and leading scientists with extensive personal experience in preparing food safety regulations and/or in the chemical analyses of veterinary drug residues in food of animal origin. This book offers a valuable and up to date view of the science in this area. It has been deliberately written and organized to complement and update where necessary the information contained in the earlier companion volume. The editors hope that this volume completes and addresses the need for readers from regulatory backgrounds and analytical laboratory staff to have a cutting-edge reference and training resource for the residues of all veterinary drug residues in food of animal origin.
26 August, 2016
Jack F. Kay University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland
James D. MacNeil St. Mary's University, Halifax, Canada
Jian Wang Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Calgary, Canada
List of Contributors
Christine Akre
Saskatoon Laboratory
Canadian Food Inspection Agency
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
Canada
Wendy C. Andersen
Animal Drugs Research Center
US Food and Drug Administration
Denver, Colorado
USA
Marco H. Blokland
RIKILT
Part of Wageningen UR
Wageningen
The Netherlands
Joe O. Boison
Saskatoon Laboratory
Canadian Food Inspection Agency
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
Canada
Toine Bovee
RIKILT
Part of Wageningen UR
Wageningen
The Netherlands
Andrew Cannavan
Food and Environmental Protection Laboratory
Joint FAO/IAEA Division on Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture
International Atomic Energy Agency
Vienna
Austria
Vesna Cerkvenik-Flajs
Veterinary Faculty
Department of Pathology and Administrative Veterinary Medicine
Laboratory for Ecotoxicology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine
University of Ljubljana
Ljubljana
Slovenia
Alan Chicoine
Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences
Western College of Veterinary Medicine
University of Saskatchewan
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
Canada
Martin Danaher
Food Safety Department
Teagasc Food Research Centre
Ashtown
Dublin 15
Ireland
Ambrose Furey
Department of Chemistry
Cork Institute of Technology (CIT)
Bishopstown
Cork
Ireland
Zora Jandrić
Food and Environmental Protection Laboratory
Joint FAO/IAEA Division on Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture
International Atomic Energy Agency
Vienna
Austria
Anton Kaufmann
Official Food Control Authority of the Canton of Zürich
Fehrenstrasse
Zürich
Switzerland
Jack F. Kay
Department of Mathematics & Statistics
University of Strathclyde
Glasgow, Scotland
United Kingdom
Jack J. Lohne
Animal Drugs Research Center
US Food and Drug Administration
Denver, Colorado
USA
James D. MacNeil
Department of Chemistry
St Mary's University
Halifax, Nova Scotia
Canada
Jelka Pleadin
Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry
Croatian Veterinary Institute
Zagreb
Croatia
Fernando Ramos
Pharmacy Faculty
Coimbra University
Coimbra
Portugal
Nathalie G.E. Smits
RIKILT
Part of Wageningen UR
Wageningen
The Netherlands
Saskia S. Sterk
RIKILT
Part of Wageningen UR
Wageningen
The Netherlands
Philip Teale
LGC Ltd
Fordham
Cambridgeshire
UK
Sarah Tuck
Food Safety Department
Teagasc Food Research Centre
Dublin 15
Ireland
Sherri B. Turnipseed
Animal Drugs Research Center
US Food and Drug Administration
Denver, Colorado
USA
Leendert A. van Ginkel
RIKILT
Part of Wageningen UR
Wageningen
The Netherlands
Eric Verdon
Laboratory of Fougères
EU Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial and Dye Residues in Food French Agency for Food Environmental and Occupational Health Safety
Fougères
France
Ana Vulić
Laboratory for Analytical Chemistry
Croatian Veterinary Institute
Zagreb
Croatia
About the Editors
Dr. Jack F. Kay received his Ph.D. from the University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland in 1980 and has been involved with veterinary drug residue analyses since 1991. He worked for the UK Veterinary Medicines Directorate to provide scientific advice on residue monitoring programs and managed the R&D program until his early retirement in September 2014. He helped draft Commission Decision 2002/657/EC and is an ISO trained assessor for audits to ISO 17025. He was co-chair of the CCRVDF ad hoc Working Group on Methods of Sampling and Analysis and steered Codex Guideline CAC/GL 71-2009 to completion after Dr. MacNeil retired. He co-chaired work extending this to cover multi-residue method performance criteria. He assisted JECFA in preparing an initial consideration of setting MRLs in honey and then took this forward for the CCRVDF. He also holds an Honorary Senior Research Fellowship in the Department of Mathematics and Statistics at the University of Strathclyde.
Dr. James D. MacNeil received his Ph.D. from Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada in 1972 and worked as a government scientist until his retirement in 2007. From 1982 to 2007 he was Head, Centre for Veterinary Drug Residues, now part of the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. He has served as a member of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), co-chair of the working group on methods of Analysis and Sampling, Codex Committee on Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Foods (CCRVDF), is the former scientific editor for “Drugs, Cosmetics & Forensics” of J. AOAC Int., worked on IUPAC projects, has participated in various consultations on method validation, and is the author of numerous publications on veterinary drug residue analysis. He is a former General Referee for methods for veterinary drug residues for AOAC International and was appointed scientist emeritus by CFIA in 2008. He holds an appointment as an adjunct professor in the Department of Chemistry, St. Mary's University, Halifax, Canada, and has served as a part-time consultant to the JECFA Secretariat of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations since 2012.
Dr. Jian Wang received his Ph.D. at the University of Alberta in Canada in 2000, and then worked as a Postdoctoral Fellow at the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada in 2001. He has been working as a leading research scientist at the Calgary Laboratory with the Canadian Food Inspection Agency since 2002. His scientific focus is on method development and validation using LC-MS/MS, UHPLC-QTOF, and UHPLC-Q Orbitrap for analyses of chemical residues including antibiotics, pesticides, and other chemical contaminants in foods. He also develops statistical approaches to estimating the measurement uncertainty based on method validation and quality control data using SAS program.