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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Impey, Lawrence, author. | Child, Tim, author.
Title: Obstetrics & gynaecology / Lawrence Impey and Tim Child.
Other titles: Obstetrics and gynaecology
Description: 5th edition. | Chichester, West Sussex : John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2017. | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016030548| ISBN 9781119010791 (pbk.) | ISBN 9781119010807 (Adobe PDF) | ISBN 9781119010838 (ePub)
Subjects: | MESH: Pregnancy | Genital Diseases, Female | Pregnancy Complications | Outlines
Classification: LCC RG101 | NLM WQ 18.2 | DDC 618.02/02—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016030548
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books.
Cover image: © Getty Images / John Fedele
In this 5th edition, we hold to the same principles as the first: to be concise with words not facts, with the emphasis on clarity, principles of management and easy access to the information. However, the text has been completely updated to reflect new information and practice. This book is primarily meant to help medical students pass and even do really well in their exams, but its clarity and emphasis on management should also prove useful to practising doctors to structure their knowledge and improve their practice.
Lawrence Impey
Tim Child 2016
This book is written for the UK medical student, in line with changes in medical education and the advent of the core curriculum. The level of information is enough to allow a high mark in the final obstetrics and gynaecology examinations. But its strong emphasis on management should also be useful for practising doctors and those about to take postgraduate examinations.
As a student and then a lecturer, I was always surprised at the deficiencies of many textbooks: how they failed to emphasize what was common or important, how little emphasis they placed on ‘what to do' in a real situation, and how little they allowed understanding of the subject. Problem-based learning is in part a backlash against this. Yet there remains a need for a comprehensive yet straightforward textbook. In this, the space given to each topic reflects its importance. The information is up to date, evidence based where possible, and referenced, at least for important, new or contentious issues. At the end of each chapter, summaries of all the major topics should aid revision and prevent the need for a separate revision text. At the end of the book, separate management sections describe what to do in all the common clinical situations, from the management of slow progress in labour to the management of the subfertile couple.
Lawrence Impey
1999
I am grateful to the many friends and colleagues in the UK and Ireland who have made criticisms in their areas of expertise and have helped with the preparation of this book. These are Mr Mike Bowen, Dr Bill Boyd, Dr Patricia Boyd, Dr Bridgette Byrne, Dr Paul Dewart, Dr Valerie Donnelly, Dr Anne Edwards, Dr Michael Foley, Miss Michelle Fynes, Mr Mike Gillmer, Miss Catharine Greenwood, Dr Jonathan Hobson, Mr James Hopkisson, Miss Pauline Hurley, Mr Simon Jackson, Dr Catherine James, Dr Declan Keane, Mr Sean Kehoe, Mr Stephen Kennedy, Dr Peter Lenehan, Dr Graham Lloyd-Jones, Dr Graz Luzzi, Dr Dermott MacDonald, Dr Pamela MacKinnon, Dr Peter McParland, Mr Enda McVeigh, Miss Kathryn MacQuillan, Dr Jane Mellanby, Miss Jo Morrison, Miss Jane Moore, Miss Alice Nelson, Miss Brenda O'Kelly, Miss Meghana Pandit, Dr John Picard, Miss Charlotte Porter, Professor Chris Redman, Miss Margaret Rees, Dr Robin Russell, Miss Susan Sellers, Dr Sarah Sheikh, Dr Orla Sheil, Mr Alex Slack, Mr Alexander Smarason, Mr Kevin Smith, Professor Philip Steer, Mr Alex Swanton, and Dr Mary Wingfield. I am indebted to Blackwell Science, particularly Ms Rebecca Huxley, Dr Andrew Robinson and Dr Michael Stein for their faith, help and encouragement, and to the medical students of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and of Oxford University for their criticisms. And I am particularly grateful to Ms Jane Fallows for her illustrations. Most of all, however, I thank Susan and Cicely Impey for their support and patience during the writing of this book.
In addition to the many people who helped with the first edition, we would like to thank Miss Natalia Price, Dr Jackie Sherrard, Miss Catharine Greenwood, Dr Michael Yousif, Mr Simon Jackson, Prof Margaret Rees, Dr Lucy Mackillop, Miss Ruth Houlden, Prof Ahmed Ahmed, Mr Richard Clayton and Mr Charles Muteshi.
Lawrence Impey
Tim Child
ACA | anticardiolipin antibody |
ACE | angiotensin-converting enzyme |
ACT | artemisin combination therapy |
ACTH | adrenocorticotrophic hormone |
AD | Alzheimer's disease |
AEDF | absent end-diastolic flow |
AFC | antral follicle count |
AFP | alpha fetoprotein |
AIDS | acquired immune deficiency syndrome |
AIS | androgen insensitivity syndrome |
ALP | alkaline phosphatase |
ALT | alanine aminotransferase |
AMH | antimullerian hormone |
AP | antero-posterior |
APH | antepartum haemorrhage |
APS | antiphospholipid syndrome |
ARDS | adult respiratory distress syndrome |
ARM | artificial rupture of membranes |
ASD | atrial septal defect |
AST | aspartate aminotransferase |
AUB | abnormal uterine bleeding |
AV | aerobic vaginitis |
BCG | Bacille bilié de Calmette–Guérin |
β-hCG | human chorionic gonadotrophin beta-subunit |
BMD | bone mineral density |
BMI | body mass index |
BP | blood pressure |
BSO | bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy |
BV | bacterial vaginosis |
CA | carcinoma |
CA 125 | serum cancer antigen 125 |
CCAM | congenital cystic adenomatous malformation |
CGH | comparative genomic hybridization |
CGIN | cervical glandular intraepithelial neoplasia |
CHC | combined hormonal contraception |
CIN | cervical intraepithelial neoplasia |
CMV | cytomegalovirus |
CNS | central nervous system |
CNST | Clinical Negligence Scheme for Trusts |
COC | combined oral contraceptive |
CPP | chronic pelvic pain |
CPR | cerebroplacental ratio; cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
CRL | crown–rump length |
CRP | C-reactive protein |
CSF | cerebrospinal fluid |
CT | computed tomography |
CTG | cardiotocography |
CVA | cerebrovascular accident |
CVD | cardiovascular disease |
CVP | central venous pressure |
CVS | chorionic villus sampling |
D&C | dilatation and curettage |
DCDA | dichorionic diamniotic |
DES | diethylstilboestrol |
DEXA | dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry |
DI | donor insemination |
DIC | disseminated intravascular coagulation |
DLE | diathermy loop excision |
DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
DVT | deep vein thrombosis |
DZ | dizygotic |
ECG | electrocardiogram |
ECMO | extracorporeal membrane oxygenation |
ECV | external cephalic version |
EDD | expected day of delivery |
EFM | electronic fetal monitoring |
EIA | enzyme immunoassay |
EPAU | early pregnancy assessment unit |
EPDS | Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale |
ERPC | evacuation of retained products of conception |
eSET | elective single embryo transfer |
ESR | erythrocyte sedimentation rate |
EUA | examination under anaesthetic |
FBC | full blood count |
FBS | fetal blood sampling |
FDA | Food and Drug Administration |
FER | frozen embryo replacement |
FFP | fresh frozen plasma |
FGM | female genital mutilation |
FGR | fetal growth restriction |
FHR | fetal heart rate |
FIGO | International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics |
FISH | fluorescence in situ hybridization |
FPR | false-positive rate |
FSD | female sexual dysfunction |
FSH | follicle-stimulating hormone |
G&S | group and save |
GBS | group B streptococcus |
GFR | glomerular filtration rate |
GMC | General Medical Council |
GnRH | gonadotrophin-releasing hormone |
GSI | genuine stress incontinence |
GTD | gestational trophoblastic disease |
GTT | glucose tolerance test |
HAART | highly active antiretroviral therapy |
Hb | haemoglobin |
HbF | fetal haemoglobin |
hCG | human chorionic gonadotrophin |
HCV | hepatitis C virus |
HELLP | (syndrome of) haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets |
HFEA | Human Fertilization and Embryology Authority |
HIV | human immunodeficiency virus |
HMB | heavy menstrual bleeding |
HNPCC | hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer |
HPV | human papilloma virus |
HRT | hormone replacement therapy |
HSG | hysterosalpingogram |
HSV | herpes simplex virus |
HVS | high vaginal swab |
IA | intermittent auscultation |
IBS | irritable bowel syndrome |
ICAS | Independent Complaints Advocacy Service |
ICSI | intracytoplasmic sperm injection |
Ig | immunoglobulin |
IM | intramuscular |
IMB | intermenstrual bleeding |
IPT | intermittent preventive treatment |
IUD | intrauterine device |
IUGR | intrauterine growth restriction |
IUI | intrauterine insemination |
IUS | intrauterine system |
IV | intravenous |
IVF | in vitro fertilization |
IVP | intravenous pyelogram |
JVP | jugular venous pressure |
LARC | long-acting reversible contraceptive |
LAVH | laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy |
LBC | liquid-based cytology |
LDA | low-dose aspirin |
LDH | lactic dehydrogenase |
LFT | liver function test |
LH | luteinizing hormone |
LLETZ | large loop excision of transformation zone |
LMP | last menstrual period |
LMWH | low molecular weight heparin |
LN | lymph node |
LSCS | lower segment caesarean section |
LUNA | laparoscopic uterine nerve ablation |
MC | monochorionic |
MCA | middle cerebral artery |
MCDA | monochorionic diamniotic |
MCHC | mean cell haemoglobin concentration |
MCMA | monochorionic monoamniotic |
MCV | mean cell volume |
MDT | multidisciplinary team |
MHT | menopausal hormone therapy |
MOH | massive obstetric haemorrhage |
MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
MSAFP | maternal serum alpha fetoprotein |
MSU | mid-stream urine |
MZ | monozygotic |
NAAT | nucleic acid amplification test |
NEC | necrotizing enterocolitis |
NGS | next generation sequencing |
NHS | National Health Service |
NICE | National Institute for Health and Care Excellence |
NIPT | non-invasive prenatal testing |
NPV | negative predictive value |
NRT | nicotine replacement therapy |
NSAID | non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
NTD | neural tube defect |
NVP | nausea and vomiting of pregnancy |
OA | occipito-anterior |
OAB | overactive bladder |
OCD | obsessive compulsive disorder |
OCP | oral contraceptive pill |
OHSS | ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome |
OP | occipito-posterior |
OT | occipito-transverse |
PAPPA | pregnancy-associated plasma protein A |
PBS | painful bladder syndrome |
PCA | patient-controlled analgesia |
PCB | postcoital bleeding |
PCO | polycystic ovary |
PCOS | polycystic ovary syndrome |
PCP | Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia |
PCR | protein:creatinine ratio |
PDA | patent ductus arteriosus |
PET | pre-eclamptic toxaemia |
PFMT | pelvic floor muscle training |
PGD | preimplantation genetic diagnosis |
PGE2 | prostaglandin E2 |
PGF2a | prostaglandin F2a |
PGS | preimplantation genetic screening |
PI | Pearl Index; pulsatility index |
PID | pelvic inflammatory disease |
PlGF | placental growth factor |
PM | postmortem |
PMB | postmenopausal bleeding |
PMS | premenstrual syndrome |
POP | progestogen-only pill |
PPH | postpartum haemorrhage |
PPV | positive predictive value |
PSTT | placental site trophoblastic tumour |
PSV | peak velocity in systole |
PTSD | post-traumatic stress disorder |
PTU | propylthiouracil |
PUL | pregnancy of unknown location |
PV | per vaginam |
RCT | randomized controlled trial |
REDF | reversed end-diastolic flow |
RMI | risk of malignancy index |
SARA | sexually acquired reactive arthritis |
SBR | serum bilirubin |
SD | standard deviation |
SERM | selective estrogen receptor modulator |
SFD | small for dates |
SFH | symphysis–fundal height |
SGA | small for gestational age |
SHBG | steroid hormone-binding globulin |
SIDS | sudden infant death syndrome |
SLE | systemic lupus erythematosus |
SLNB | sentinel lymph node biopsy |
SMM | surgical management of miscarriage |
SNRI | serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor |
SPRM | selective progesterone receptor modulator |
SROM | spontaneous rupture of membranes |
SSR | surgical sperm retrieval |
SSRI | selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor |
STI | sexually transmitted infection |
STV | short-term variability |
T3 | triiodothyronine |
T4 | thyroxine |
TAH | total abdominal hysterectomy |
TAPS | twin anaemia polycythaemia sequence |
TB | tuberculosis |
TCRE | transcervical resection of endometrium |
TCRF | transcervical resection of fibroid |
TEDS | thromboembolic disease stockings |
TENS | transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation |
TFT | thyroid function test |
TLH | total laparoscopic hysterectomy |
TOP | termination of pregnancy |
TOT | transobdurator tape |
TRAP | twin reversed arterial perfusion |
TSH | thyroid-stimulating hormone |
TTN | transient tachypnoea of the newborn |
TTTS | twin–twin transfusion syndrome |
TURP | transurethral resection of prostate |
TVS | transvaginal sonography |
TVT | tension-free vaginal tape |
U&E | urea and electrolytes |
UAE | uterine artery embolization |
UDCA | ursodeoxycholic acid |
UmbA | umbilical artery |
USI | urodynamic stress incontinence |
USS | ultrasound scan |
UTI | urinary tract infection |
VBAC | vaginal delivery after a previous caesarean section |
VDRL | Venereal Disease Research Laboratories |
VE | vaginal examination |
VEGF | vascular endothelial growth factor |
VH | vaginal hysterectomy |
VIN | vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia |
VMA | vanillylmandelic acid |
VQ | ventilation/perfusion |
VSD | ventricular septal defect |
VTE | venous thromboembolism |
WBC | white blood cell count |
WHO | World Health Organization |
Don't forget to visit the companion website for this book:
http://www.impeyobgyn.com
There you will find valuable material designed to enhance your learning, including:
Scan this QR code to visit the companion website:
with Margaret Rees
with Graz Luzzi and Jackie Sherrard
with Margaret Rees