Sally Bedell Smith is the author of bestselling biographies of Queen Elizabeth II; William S. Paley; Pamela Harriman; Diana, Princess of Wales; John and Jacqueline Kennedy; and Bill and Hillary Clinton. A contributing editor at Vanity Fair since 1996, she previously worked at Time and The New York Times, where she was a cultural news reporter. In 2012, Smith was the recipient of the Washington Irving Medal for Literary Excellence. She is the mother of three children and lives in Washington DC, with her husband, Stephen G. Smith.
Sallybedellsmith.com
The Prince of Wales has hovered on the periphery of my life for decades—not least because we are contemporaries—so perhaps it was inevitable I would eventually turn to his biography and try to take his measure. My husband and I began visiting England regularly in the early 1980s. Over the years, we became friends with people who knew Charles well and in some cases were part of his circle. These friends helped enormously when I tackled the life of Diana, Princess of Wales, in 1997 and more than a decade later when I wrote a book about Queen Elizabeth II to coincide with her Diamond Jubilee in 2012. Many stepped up again to guide me in understanding the complexities of the future king and introduce me to others with particular insights.
I was also fortunate to cross paths with Diana, the Queen, and Prince Charles in social settings where I could see each of them behind the public scrim. Those impressions were enriched by the assistance I received from Buckingham Palace and Clarence House that allowed me to observe Charles and Camilla on their royal rounds, to travel with them overseas, and to visit their residences as well as places in which the prince took professional pride—private tours of the gardens and farm at Highgrove, his country estate; Poundbury, his model town; and Dumfries House, the stately home he turned into a center for economic and social regeneration in an impoverished corner of Scotland.
Like my biography of the Queen, this book was not officially authorized, but I was given extensive cooperation, including introductions to senior courtiers with an informed view of Charles’s role and his work. Top advisers to Princes William and Harry and the Duchess of Cambridge at Kensington Palace also generously gave me a fresh perspective on the next generation.
My research required frequent travel to Britain, and for my on-and-off five months abroad I once again benefited from the generous hospitality of my great friends Joan and Bernie Carl. They have my endless gratitude for giving me such a comfortable and convenient base of operations in their “writer’s roost” apartment within walking distance of St. James’s Palace and Clarence House.
I interviewed upwards of three hundred people about many aspects of Charles’s multifaceted life. Among them were his friends and sporting companions, environmentalists, architects, interior designers, schoolmates, artists, writers, philanthropists, financiers, military officers, diplomats, musicians, farmers, historic preservationists, politicians, spiritual advisers, and horticulturalists. Some thirty of these sources requested anonymity. I also drew on more than sixty interviews for Elizabeth the Queen as well as thirty interviews for Diana in Search of Herself that contained detailed information germane to the life of her husband.
My heartfelt thanks to those who set aside time in busy schedules to talk to me:
Peter Ahrends, Lady Airlie, Luke Allsbrook, Charles Anson, Lady Elizabeth Anson, Robert Arnold, Clive Aslet, Pamela Bailey, Denny Belcastro, Lord Patrick Beresford, Christopher Bland, Ben Bolgar, John Bridcut, Elizabeth Buchanan, Margo Carper, Roger Chatterton-Newman, Ian Cheshire, Sibilla O’Donnell Clark, Sir Tobias Clark, Jill Collins, Polly Courtice, Mary Creswell, Keith Critchlow, Lady Dartmouth, Warren Davis, Hank Dittmar, Jonathan Douglas, Jessica Douglas-Home, Luke Douglas-Home, Andrés Duany, Douglas Duany, Edward Elson, Oliver Everett and Diana Jervis-Reed, William Stamps Farish III, Robert ffrench Blake, Christopher “Kip” Forbes, Lady Fortescue, Lord Glendonbrook, Catherine Goodman, Christie Gordon, Tipper Gore, Kate Groves, Catrina Skepper Guerrani-Maraldi, Eileen Guggenheim, Keith Harris, Nicholas Haslam, Mark Hedges, Lady Pamela Hicks, Robert Higdon, Sir Michael Hintze, Stephen Howard, Jeremy Hutchinson, Lady Jay, Sir Michael Jay, Boris Johnson, Catherine Johnstone, Tony Juniper, Michael Kahn, Brian Keeble, Alan Kennedy, Robert Kime, Patricia Kluge, Timothy Knatchbull, Andrew Knight, James Knox, Henry Koehler, Peter Kyte, Sir Stephen Lamport, Ward Landrigan, Dominic Lawson, Major Rupert Lendrum, David Lewis, Paul Lister, Josephine Louis, Elizabeth Maclean, David Magson, Livia Manera, Jennie McCahey, Sallie McKinney, Ande Metzger, Pete Metzger, Martina Milburn, Clare Milford-Haven, Juliet Miller, the Right Honourable Andrew Mitchell, Natalie Miyar, Howard Morgan, Peter Morgan, Nick Morriss, Lady Mountbatten, James Murray, John Julius Norwich (2nd Viscount), Columbus O’Donnell, Charlie Ottley, Stephen Overy, Sara Parker Bowles, César Pelli, Prudence Penn, Ben Pentreath, Hugh Petter, Mark Price, Nancy Reagan, James Reginato, Margaret Rhodes, Joan Rivers, Barbara Paul Robinson, Sir Bertie Ross, Lieutenant Colonel Sir Malcolm Ross, Michael Rummel, Theresa Sackler, Lady Salisbury, Lucia Santa Cruz, Claire Severgnini, Babli Sharma, Kamalesh Sharma, Tom Shebbeare, Tim Smit, Robert Spencer, Bruno Sprecher, Rory Stewart, John Stonborough, Lita Toland, Sue Townsend, James and Charlotte Townshend, Calvin Trillin, Will Trinkle, Deborah Voigt, Somerset Waters, Susie Westmacott, David Whiteford, Ashe Windham, Barbara Windsor, Richard Wolford, Simon Wolfson, Lady Wright, and Sir Stephen Wright.
In the household of the Prince of Wales and the Duchess of Cornwall, I am grateful for interviews and other assistance to: Clive Alderton, Hannah Armstrong, James Bowden, Dame Julia Cleverdon, Dame Amelia Fawcett, Amanda Foster, Marnie Gaffney, Patrick Harrison, Paddy Harverson, Kristina Kyriacou, Justin Mundy, Andrew Noyons, Eva Omaghomi, Richard Pattle, Julian Payne, and Laura Sullivan.
In the Queen’s household at Buckingham Palace: Ailsa Anderson, Samantha Cohen, Steve Kingstone, Sally Osman, and Colette Saunders.
In the household of Prince William, the Duchess of Cambridge, and Prince Harry: Nicholas Booth, James Lowther-Pinkerton, Sir David Manning, Ed Perkins, and Nick Loughran.
On Charles and Camilla’s visit to Sri Lanka: Robert Blake, Emily Fleckner, Sir Christopher Geidt, Michelle Jenkins (the American ambassador), Simon Martin, William Nye, John Rankin (the British high commissioner), and the Right Honourable Mark Robinson.
On Charles and Camilla’s visit to Malta: the Marquis de Piro and Geoffrey Minter.
On my two tours of Poundbury: Guy Andrews, Alan Baxter, Nick Boles, Simon Conibear, Andrew Hamilton, Fran Leaper, Charles Lotter, Alastair Martin, Sir John Nutting, Lady Nutting, Dominic Richards, and Ken Smith.
On my tour of the Highgrove farm and gardens: Debs Goodenough and David Wilson.
On my tour of Dumfries House: Ken Dunsmuir and Charlotte Rostek.
I was fortunate to have the special insights of two former First Ladies, Nancy Reagan and Barbara Bush. Mrs. Reagan, who had a long and affectionate friendship with Prince Charles, also gave me access to their correspondence. Wren Powell and Alison Borio helped organize my interviews with Mrs. Reagan and fielded requests for information about White House events attended by Prince Charles.
From my interviews for Elizabeth the Queen: Lady Airlie, Lord Airlie, Canon John Andrew, Charles Anson, Lady Elizabeth Anson, John Ashburton, Lady Avon, John Bowes Lyon, Sarah Bradford, Harold Brown, the Reverend John Cairns, Lady Frances Campbell-Preston, Lord Carey, Lady Charteris, Lady Mary Clayton, Lady Cromer, the 12th Duke of Devonshire, Lord and Lady Dudley, Lady Falkender, Andrew Farquharson, Michael Fawcett, Lady Anne Glenconner, Lady Annabel Goldsmith, Timothy Gosling, Lord Guthrie, Nicholas Haslam, Lady Pamela Hicks, Lord Howard, Timothy Knatchbull, Robert Lacey, Simon Lewis, Lady Elizabeth Longman, Simon Sebag Montefiore, Lady Mountbatten, the Right Honourable Brian Mulroney, James Murray, Lady Nevill, John Julius Norwich (2nd Viscount), Sir Michael Oswald, Jonathan Powell, Lord Powell, Tony Purnell, Lord Renwick, the Honourable Margaret Rhodes, John Richardson, Andrew Roberts, Monty Roberts, Kenneth Rose, Lady Salisbury, Lord Salisbury, Sir Kenneth Scott, Jean Seaton, Babli Sharma, Kamalesh Sharma, Lady Soames, Sir Roy Strong, Robert Tuttle, Hugo Vickers, Simon Walker, George “Frolic” Weymouth, Ashe Windham, and Robert Worcester.
From my interviews for Diana in Search of Herself: Bruce Anderson, Charles Anson, Anne Beckwith-Smith, Elsa Bowker, Zara Cazalet, Michael Colborne, Nigel Dempster, Jonathan Dimbleby, Lucia Flecha de Lima, Fiona Fraser, Lady Annabel Goldsmith, Nicholas Haslam, Max Hastings, Stuart Higgins, Anthony Holden, Richard Ingrams, Paul Johnson, Penny Junor, Patsy King, Andrew Knight, Henry Koehler, Mark Lloyd, Howard Morgan, Andrew Morton, Andrew Roberts, Cosima Somerset, Robert Spencer, Hugo Vickers, Peter Westmacott, and Lord Willoughby de Broke.
The reporters and photographers who covered the royal family were unfailingly courteous and generous with their ideas, observations, and essential pool reports. On overseas trips they were fine dinner companions as well. Many thanks to Rachel Burnett, Arthur Edwards, Rebecca English, Tim Ewart, Robert Hardman, Robert Jobson, Alan Jones, Valentine Low, Katie Nicholl, Robin Nunn, Richard Palmer, Simon Perry, Gordon Rayner, Tim Rooke, John Stillwell, Camilla Tominey, and Peter Wilkinson, the Queen’s videographer.
Other journalists and authors chipped in with suggestions and useful advice: Lionel Barber, Sarah Baxter, Philip Eade, Peter Foster, Toby Harnden, Anne McElvoy, Peter McKay, Charles Moore, Maria Puente, and William Shawcross.
I am indebted to fellow historians and biographers whose books about Charles and Camilla lit my way, especially Jonathan Dimbleby’s comprehensive study of the prince’s life through the early nineties, The Prince of Wales: A Biography. Also helpful were Gyles Brandreth’s Charles and Camilla: Portrait of a Love Affair; Anthony Holden’s three versions of Charles, published in 1980, 1989, and 1998; Penny Junor’s Charles: Victim or Villain? and Prince William: The Man Who Will Be King, and Katie Nicholl’s William and Harry: Behind the Palace Walls.
Friends and acquaintances at home and in Britain bolstered me with encouragement, hospitality, and pointers when I was doing my research and writing. I feel blessed to have such wonderful support, in some cases going back decades. With thanks to Meena Ahamed, Suzy Allen, Oliver Baring, Darcie Baylis, Jonathan Becker, Peter and Amy Bernstein, Nicholas Berwin, Cathy Born, John Bowes Lyon, Richard and Lucille Briance, Carole Broadus, Scott and Cindy Burns, Nina Campbell, Richard Carlson, Victor and Isabel Cazalet, Robert Chartener, Jane Churchill, Colin and Amanda Clive, Bob Colacello, David Patrick Columbia, Jean Cox, Henry Crofton, David Deckelbaum, Jim and Susan Dunning, Michael Estorick, Jane and Brian FitzGerald, Paul Gismondi, Douglas and Sue Gordon, Dick and Tricia Grey, Peter and Karen Hambro, Rupert and Robin Hambro, Kathleen and David Harvey (who gave me a lively account written by his father, Major Thomas Harvey, private secretary to Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, “Notes on the Birth of Prince Charles,” dated November 14, 1948), Reinaldo and Carolina Herrera, George Herrick, Patrick and Annie Holcroft, Brit and Kim Hume, Pico Iyer, Brenda Johnson, Mark Katzenellenbogen, Anne Kreamer, Wayne Lawson, Marc and Jacqueline Leland, Bill Lilley, Jeff and Elizabeth Louis, Sally and Alex Lynch, Grant Manheim, Lady Manning, Byrne and Pamela Murphy, Caroline Nation, Juliet Nicolson, Peggy Noonan, Maureen Orth, Binkie Orthwein, Peter Orthwein, Christopher and Brina Penn, George Pilkington, Olga Polizzi, Christopher Powell-Brett, Robert Power, Anne Dell Prevost, Michele Rollins, Jim and Cindy Rowbotham, Jean Rutherfurd, Fred and Genny Ryan, Kristin Sarli, Francesca Stanfill and Dick Nye, Tim and Sophia Steel, Dodge Thompson, Richard and Ginny Thornburgh, Maria Vega, Fred and Anna Vinton, Rich Waldhorn, Maggie Wyvill, and Robert Zimmerman.
The indomitable nonagenarian Edda Tasiemka, who began assisting me with periodical research two decades ago, once again tracked down obscure press clippings from her vast collection in north London. With ample justification, she has been nicknamed “the Human Google.” Thanks also to Shannon Swenson, my website designer; Nancy Hadley, archivist at the American Institute of Architects; and Paula Fahey, the archivist at Country Life who rounded up the collection of entertaining book reviews by Bruce Shand, the late father of the Duchess of Cornwall.
Kate Medina, my editor for more than a decade, has been, as Britons would say, a brick. Perhaps infected by my biographical subject’s prolixity, I wrote an impossibly lengthy first draft. In tandem with Anna Pitoniak, an equally nimble and astute editor, Kate helped me work through significant cutting, rearranging, and contouring of the manuscript. Robin Duchnowski, with whom I had worked on a previous biography, offered additional notes that helped further streamline the book. For their perceptive comments, and their thoughtful care and attention, I am exceedingly grateful. Thanks as well to Erica Gonzalez, Kate’s assistant, for her all-round helpfulness. Steve Messina, a maestro Random House production editor, instructed me in the fine points of electronic editing, sparing his able copy editor, Martin Schneider, the difficulty of deciphering my handwriting.
I was blessed yet again to have a superb publishing team led by Gina Centrello, who applied her imaginative marketing instincts to launching Prince Charles. Many thanks to Tom Perry, executive vice president and deputy publisher, Maria Braeckel, vice president and director of publicity, and her predecessor, Sally Marvin, a longtime stalwart for my books. My publicists, Michelle Jasmine, Catherine Mikula, and Samantha Leach, were a dream to work with: a source of great ideas and clockwork efficiency in carrying them out. Much gratitude as well to Leigh Marchant, Andrea DeWerd, Denise Cronin, Joelle Dieu, Toby Ernst, and Carolyn Foley. Robbin Schiff and Anna Bauer created a jacket so handsome that it took my breath away, and Victoria Wong designed the pages elegantly. Cartographer David Lindroth created an artful map of Charles’s royal world. Carol Poticny, my intrepid photo researcher, fielded my blizzard of emails and gave her all to tracking down superb images for the chapter openings and interior photo sections.
My friend Max Hirshfeld, who knows how to make otherwise discomfiting photo sessions fun, applied his consummate skill to taking my author photograph again. His wife, Nina Mason, was on hand as his stylist and second set of eyes, along with his assistant, Michael Jones. Kim Steele worked her magic to make me look presentable for the camera lens.
My agent, Amanda Urban, has had my back for some thirty years. She is my ultimate gut check, a truth-teller and invaluable sounding board.
My three children, all adults with their own busy lives, have sustained me beyond measure. During the four years I worked on Prince Charles, they happily extended my family: my son Kirk with his wife, Sally, and daughter, Sophia; my daughter, Lisa, and her husband, Dominic, with their son, Henry, and daughter, Alexandra; and my son David, with his soon-to-be wife, Hopie Stockman. In honor of the next generation, Prince Charles is dedicated to my three grandchildren, two of whom are British subjects.
I cannot begin to count the ways that Stephen, my darling husband of thirty-five years, has enriched my life as a writer. His lapidary prose has long been my model, and his editing skills have no equal—as his legions of writers will attest. He was an unwavering support when research trips took me away for weeks at a time and when I emerged exhausted from my book bunker after long days of writing. As he did with my previous six biographies, he helped me untangle problems, offered countless constructive ideas, and kept me laughing. He heroically edited three versions of my book with patience and precision, even as he was overseeing National Journal in the maelstrom of the presidential campaign. In return, he has my boundless love and admiration.
SALLY BEDELL SMITH
Washington, D.C.
November 2016
In All His Glory
Reflected Glory
Diana in Search of Herself
Grace and Power
For Love of Politics
Elizabeth the Queen
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A Prince Among Islands. Selina Scott. Grampian Television, 1991.
Charles: The Private Man, the Public Role. Jonathan Dimbleby. ITV, June 29, 1994.
Martin Bashir interview with Diana, Princess of Wales. Panorama. BBC, Nov. 20, 1995.
Camilla. Christopher Wilson. Channel 5, July 6, 1997.
The People’s Monarchy? Panorama. BBC, Nov. 17, 1997.
Charles at 50. Louise Norman and Stuart Higgins. London Weekend Television, Nov. 8, 1998.
Prince Charles at 50: A Life in Waiting. Gavin Hewitt. Panorama. BBC, Nov. 9, 1998.
Queen and Country. William Shawcross. Four-part documentary series. Directed by John Bridcut. BBC, 2002.
Diana: The Week She Died. ITV, 2006.
Charles at 60: The Passionate Prince. Narrated by Robert Hardman. Produced and directed by John Bridcut. BBC, Nov. 12, 2008.
Highgrove: Alan Meets Prince Charles. Alan Titchmarsh. BBC, Sept. 23, 2010.
Harmony: A New Way of Looking at the World. HRH The Prince of Wales, produced by Stuart Sender and Julie Bergman. Balcony Films and NBC, Nov. 20, 2010.
The Prince and the Composer. HRH The Prince of Wales and John Bridcut. BBC, May 27, 2011.
Prince Charles: The Royal Restoration. HRH The Prince of Wales with Alan Titchmarsh, ITV, May 29, 2012.
Elizabeth: Queen, Wife, Mother. Alan Titchmarsh. ITV, June 1, 2012.
A Jubilee Tribute to the Queen. HRH The Prince of Wales. Directed by John Bridcut. BBC, June 1, 2012.
Royal Paintbox. Margy Kinmonth and HRH The Prince of Wales. ITV, April 16, 2013.
When Ant and Dec Met the Prince: 40 Years of The Prince’s Trust. HRH The Prince of Wales with Anthony McPartlin and Declan Donnelly. ITV, Jan. 4, 2016.
Reinventing the Royals. Steve Hewlett. BBC, Feb. 19, 2016.
Our Queen at Ninety. Presented by Robert Hardman. Directed by Ashley Gething. ITV, March 27, 2016.
The Queen at 90. Rhiannon Mills. Sky News, April 20, 2016.
Elizabeth at 90: A Family Tribute. Directed by John Bridcut. BBC, April 21, 2016.
House of Cards: To Play the King. Written by Andrew Davies based on a book by Michael Dobbs. BBC, Nov. 21 and 28, 1993, and Dec. 12 and 19, 1993.
King Charles III. Mike Bartlett. London: Nick Hern Books, 2014.
Balmoral: Highland Retreat of the Royal Family Since 1852: Guide to the Castle and Estate. Heritage House Group, 2007.
Buckingham Palace: Official Souvenir Guide. Royal Collection Publications, 2008.
The Castle and Gardens of Mey. The Queen Elizabeth Castle of Mey Trust.
Dumfries House. The Great Steward of Scotland’s Dumfries House Trust, 2013.
The Gardens at Highgrove House. 2005.
The Gardens at Highgrove. 2007.
Photographs by Norman Parkinson: 50 Years of Portraits and Fashion. National Portrait Gallery, 1981.
Poundbury: 20th Anniversary. Duchy of Cornwall. Dorset: Dorset Echo & Henry Ling Limited, 2013.
The Royal Yacht Britannia Official Guidebook. Someone Publishing Ltd.
Sandringham, by His Royal Highness the Duke of Edinburgh. Jarrold Publishing.
The Prince’s Choice: A Personal Selection from Shakespeare with an Introduction by HRH The Prince of Wales. Sir Robert Stephens, executive producer. London: Hodder Headline Audiobooks, 1995.
Harmony: A New Way of Looking at the World. Read by HRH The Prince of Wales. HarperCollins. 2010.
The Royal Premiere: Highgrove Suite. Commissioned by HRH The Prince of Wales. Composed and conducted by Patrick Hawes. Performed by the Philharmonia Orchestra and Claire Jones, Harpist to HRH The Prince of Wales. June 8, 2010.
Paul Mellon Collection, Yale Center for British Art
Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum
Ronald Reagan Presidential Foundation and Library
