Table of Contents
Title Page
Copyright
Dedication
Preface
Part I: Visible-Light Active Photocatalysis – Research and Technological Advancements
Chapter 1: Research Frontiers in Solar Light Harvesting
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalysis for Environmental Protection
1.3 Photocatalysis for Water Splitting
1.4 Photocatalysis for Organic Transformations
1.5 Mechanistic Studies of Visible-Light-Active Photocatalysis
1.6 Summary
References
Chapter 2: Recent Advances on Photocatalysis for Water Detoxification and CO
2
Reduction
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Photocatalysts for Environmental Remediation and CO
2
Reduction
2.3 Photoreactors for Solar Degradation of Organic Pollutants and CO
2
Reduction
2.4 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
Chapter 3: Fundamentals of Photocatalytic Water Splitting (Hydrogen and Oxygen Evolution)
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Strategy for Development of Photocatalyst Systems for Water Splitting
3.3 Electrochemistry of Semiconductors at the Electrolyte Interface
3.4 Effect of Light at the Semiconductor–Electrolyte Interface
3.5 Conversion and Storage of Sunlight
3.6 Electrolysis and Photoelectrolysis
3.7 Development of Photocatalysts for Solar-Driven Water Splitting
3.8 Approaches to Develop Visible-Light-Absorbing Metal Oxides
3.9 Conclusions
References
Chapter 4: Photoredox Catalytic Activation of CarbonHalogen Bonds: CH Functionalization Reactions under Visible Light
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Activation of Alkyl Halides
4.3 Activation of Aryl Halides
4.4 Factors That Determine the Carbon–Halogen Bond Activation of Aryl Halides
4.5 Factors That Determine the Yields of the CH Arylated Products
4.6 Achievements and Challenges Ahead
4.7 Conclusion
References
Part II: Design and Developments of Visible Light Active Photocatalysis
Chapter 5: Black TiO2: The New-Generation Photocatalyst
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Designing Black TiO
2
Nanostructures
5.3 Black TiO
2
as Photocatalyst
5.4 Conclusions
References
Chapter 6: Effect of Modification of TiO2 with Metal Nanoparticles on Its Photocatalytic Properties Studied by Time-Resolved Microwave Conductivity
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Deposition of Metal Nanoparticles by Radiolysis and by Photodeposition Method
6.3 Electronic Properties Studied Time-Resolved Microwave Conductivity
6.4 Modification of TiO
2
with Au Nanoparticles
6.5 Modification of TiO
2
with Bi Clusters
6.6 Surface Modification of TiO
2
with Bimetallic Nanoparticles
6.7 The Effect of Metal Cluster Deposition Route on Structure and Photocatalytic Activity of Mono- and Bimetallic Nanoparticles Supported on TiO
2
6.8 Summary
References
Chapter 7: Glassy Photocatalysts: New Trend in Solar Photocatalysis
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Fundamentals of H
2
S Splitting
7.3 Designing the Assembly for H
2
S Splitting
7.4 Chalcogenide Photocatalysts
7.5 Limitations of Powder Photocatalysts
7.6 Glassy Photocatalyst: Innovative Approach
7.7 General Methods for Glasses Preparation
7.8 Color of the Glass – Bandgap Engineering by Growth of Semiconductors in Glass
7.9 CdS–Glass Nanocomposite
7.10 Bi
2
S
3
–Glass Nanocomposite
7.11 Ag
3
PO
4
–Glass Nanocomposite
7.12 Summary
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 8: Recent Developments in Heterostructure-Based Catalysts for Water Splitting
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Visible-Light-Responsive Junctions
8.3 Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalyst/OEC Junctions
8.4 Observation of Charge Carrier Kinetics in Heterojunction Structure
8.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 9: Conducting Polymers Nanostructures for Solar-Light Harvesting
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Conducting Polymers as Organic Semiconductor
9.3 Conducting Polymer-Based Nanostructured Materials
9.4 Synthesis of Conducting Polymer Nanostructures
9.5 Applications of Conducting Polymer
9.6 Conclusion
References
Part III: Visible Light Active Photocatalysis for Solar Energy Conversion and Environmental Protection
Chapter 10: Sensitization of TiO2 by Dyes: A Way to Extend the Range of Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 to the Visible Region
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Mechanisms Involved in the Use of Dye-Modified TiO
2
Materials for Transformation of Pollutants and Hydrogen Production under Visible Irradiation
10.3 Use of Dye-Modified TiO
2
Materials for Energy Conversion in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
10.4 Self-Sensitized Degradation of Dye Pollutants
10.5 Use of Dye-Modified TiO
2
for Visible-Light-Assisted Degradation of Colorless Pollutants
10.6 Water Splitting and Hydrogen Production using Dye-Modified TiO
2
Photocatalysts under Visible Light
10.7 Conclusions
Acknowledgement
References
Chapter 11: Advances in the Development of Novel Photocatalysts for Detoxification
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Theoretical Studies of Photocatalysis
11.3 Metal-Doped Photocatalysts for Detoxification
11.4 Graphene-TiO
2
Composites for Detoxification
11.5 Commercial Applications of Photocatalysis in Environmental Detoxification
11.6 Conclusions
References
Chapter 12: Metal-Free Organic Semiconductors for Visible-Light-Active Photocatalytic Water Splitting
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Organic Semiconductors for Photocatalytic Water Splitting and Emergence of Graphitic Carbon Nitrides
12.3 Graphitic Carbon Nitrides for Photocatalytic Water Splitting
12.4 Novel Materials
12.5 Conclusions and Perspectives
References
Chapter 13: Solar Photochemical Splitting of Water
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Photocatalytic Water Splitting
13.3 Overall Water Splitting
13.4 Oxidation of Water
13.5 Reduction of Water
13.6 Coupled Reactions
13.7 Summary and Outlook
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 14: Recent Developments on Visible-Light Photoredox Catalysis by Organic Dyes for Organic Synthesis
14.1 Introduction
14.2 General Mechanism
14.3 Recent Application of Organic Dyes as Visible-Light Photoredox Catalysts
14.4 Conclusion
Abbreviations
References
Chapter 15: Visible-Light Heterogeneous Catalysts for Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Basic Principles of Photocatalytic CO
2
Reduction
15.3 Inorganic Semiconductors
15.4 Organic Semiconductors
15.5 Semiconductor Heterojunctions
15.6 Conclusion and Perspectives
References
Part IV: Mechanistic Studies of Visible Light Active Photocatalysis
Chapter 16: Band-gap Engineering of Photocatalysts: Surface Modification versus Doping
16.1 Introduction
16.2 Doping
16.3 Surface Modification
16.4 Heterojunctions
16.5 Z-Scheme
16.6 Hybrid Nanostructures
16.7 Summary
References
Chapter 17: Roles of the Active Species Generated during Photocatalysis
17.1 Introduction
17.2 Mechanism of Photocatalysis in TiO
2
/Water Systems
17.3 Active Species Generated at the Catalyst/Water Interface
17.4 Oxidative Degradation of Solutes Present in the Aqueous Phase
17.5 Impact of H
2
O
2
on Oxidative Degradation of Solutes Present in the Aqueous Phase
17.6 The Role of Common Anions Present in the Aqueous Phase
17.7 Summary of Active Species Present in Heterogeneous Photocatalysis in Water
References
Chapter 18: Visible-Light-Active Photocatalysis: Nanostructured Catalyst Design, Mechanisms, and Applications
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Historical Background
18.3 Basic Concepts
18.4 Structure of TiO
2
18.5 Photocatalytic Reactions
18.6 Physical Architectures of TiO
2
18.7 Visible-Light Photocatalysis
18.8 Ion Doping and Ion Implantation
18.9 Dye Sensitization
18.10 Noble Metal Loading
18.11 Coupled Semiconductors
18.12 Carbon–TiO
2
Composites
18.13 Alternatives to TiO
2
18.14 Conclusions
References
Part V: Challenges and Perspectives of Visible Light Active Photocatalysis for Large Scale Applications
Chapter 19: Quantum Dynamics Effects in Photocatalysis
19.1 Introduction
19.2 Computational Approaches to Model Adiabatic Processes in Photocatalysis
19.3 Computational Approaches to Model Nonadiabatic Effects in Photocatalysis
19.4 Quantum Tunneling in Adiabatic and Nonadiabatic Dynamics
19.5 The Mechanisms of Organic Reactions Catalyzed by Semiconductor Photocatalysts
19.6 Conclusions and Outlook
References
Chapter 20: An Overview of Solar Photocatalytic Reactor Designs and Their Broader Impact on the Environment
20.1 Introduction
20.2 Materials
20.3 Slurry-Style Photocatalysis
20.4 Deposited Photocatalysts
20.5 Applications
20.6 Conclusion
References
Chapter 21: Conclusions and Future Work
Index
End User License Agreement
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Guide
Cover
Table of Contents
Preface
Part I: Visible-Light Active Photocatalysis – Research and Technological Advancements