Third Edition
This edition first published 2020
© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Edition History
John Wiley & Sons Ltd (1e, 2007), John Wiley & Sons Ltd (2e, 2013)
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by law. Advice on how to obtain permission to reuse material from this title is available at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions.
The right of Neil M. Coe, Philip F. Kelly and Henry W. C. Yeung to be identified as the authors of this work has been asserted in accordance with law.
Registered Office(s)
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK
Editorial Office
9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK
For details of our global editorial offices, customer services, and more information about Wiley products visit us at www.wiley.com.
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats and by print‐on‐demand. Some content that appears in standard print versions of this book may not be available in other formats.
Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty
While the publisher and authors have used their best efforts in preparing this work, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives, written sales materials or promotional statements for this work. The fact that an organization, website, or product is referred to in this work as a citation and/or potential source of further information does not mean that the publisher and authors endorse the information or services the organization, website, or product may provide or recommendations it may make. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a specialist where appropriate. Further, readers should be aware that websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. Neither the publisher nor authors shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.
Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data
Names: Coe, Neil M., author. | Kelly, Philip F., 1970– author. | Yeung, Henry Wai‐Chung, author.
Title: Economic geography : a contemporary introduction / Neil M. Coe, Philip F. Kelly, Henry W.C. Yeung.
Description: Third edition. | Hoboken, NJ : Wiley‐Blackwell, 2020. | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2019025395 (print) | LCCN 2019025396 (ebook) | ISBN 9781119389552 (paperback) | ISBN 9781119389545 (adobe pdf) | ISBN 9781119389583 (epub)
Subjects: LCSH: Economic geography. | Economic development.
Classification: LCC HF1025.C73 2020 (print) | LCC HF1025 (ebook) | DDC 330.9–dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019025395
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019025396
Cover Design: Wiley
Cover Image: © Jenson/Shutterstock
| 1.1 | Bottled water for sale in a Toronto grocery store |
| 1.2 | Home or office delivery of bottled water in Guangzhou, China |
| 1.3 | Californian drought and water bottling in 2015 |
| 1.4 | US population density and water bottling plants, 2013 |
| 1.5 | The Perrier production facility in the village of Vergèze, France |
| 1.6 | Centre Wellington and Wellington County, in Ontario, Canada |
| 1.7 | Plastic bottles, sorted and compressed into bales and ready for recycling |
| 1.8 | A juvenile albatross sits amid piles of discarded trash that floated ashore |
| 1.9 | Key geographical concepts – uneven patterns, distinctive places, connecting networks, and territorial power |
| 2.1 | The economy as an organic entity |
| 2.2 | The world economy as seen through GDP figures |
| 2.3 | Raworth’s doughnut |
| 2.4 | Irving Fisher’s lecture hall apparatus, simulating the economy, c.1925 |
| 2.5 | The supply and demand curves |
| 2.6 | Many consumers, many sellers (a) in Jodhpur, Rajasthan and (b) online (Alibaba.com being viewed in Hong Kong) |
| 2.7 | The economic iceberg |
| 3.1 | China’s Pearl River Delta region |
| 3.2 | Uneven regional development in China |
| 3.3 | A landscape of contemporary capitalism in China: the Shenzhen skyline |
| 3.4 | Spatial divisions of labour |
| 3.5 | Waves of industrialization in East, Southeast, and South Asia, 1950–present |
| 3.6 | Industrial restructuring during the 1970s in the United States |
| 3.7 | The uneven economic landscape of US cities, by GDP, in 2016 |
| 3.8 | Abandoned residential buildings in Detroit, USA |
| 3.9 | Post‐industrial redevelopment of the Liverpool waterfront |
| 3.10 | Trajectories of regional development |
| 4.1 | Geography is a flavour at Starbucks |
| 4.2 | The basic commodity chain of our breakfast |
| 4.3 | The global map of coffee consumption, 2016 |
| 4.4 | The coffee production network – the changing institutional framework in Tanzania |
| 4.5 | Shipbreaking in Chittagong, Bangladesh |
| 5.1 | HSBC – ‘The world’s local bank’ |
| 5.2 | Apple iPhone 7 – its components and key suppliers |
| 5.3 | Different forms of organizing transnational operations |
| 5.4 | The BMW Group Headquarters tower in Munich, Germany |
| 5.5 | Spatial organization of transnational production units |
| 5.6 | BMW’s global production networks |
| 5.7 | Fast‐food franchise chains in the Caribbean |
| 6.1 | The United Arab Emirates and its major sources of migrant workers |
| 6.2 | UK Independence Party (UKIP) campaign poster from European elections, 2014 |
| 6.3 | Residents and non‐residents in Singapore’s labour force, 1990–2017 |
| 6.4 | Top global migration corridors (in millions) 2013 |
| 6.5 | A Shan migrant worker applies pesticides on a farm near Chiang Mai in Northern Thailand |
| 6.6 | Remittance flows to low‐ and middle‐income countries, compared to other global capital flows |
| 6.7 | Top remittance‐receiving countries, and countries with highest dependence on remittances, 2017 |
| 6.8 | The migration industry in Toronto, Canada |
| 7.1 | The global distribution of Wal‐Mart stores in 2018 |
| 7.2 | Tesco Lotus in Thailand |
| 7.3 | The development of Chicago’s suburban shopping centres, 1949–1974 |
| 7.4 | Britain’s largest shopping centres |
| 7.5 | Cheshire Oaks outlet mall |
| 7.6 | The Marina Bay Sands integrated resort, Singapore |
| 7.7 | Amazon’s growth trajectory |
| 7.8 | Amazon’s operations in Europe, early 2016 |
| 7.9 | Informal retailing |
| 7.10 | Urban and heritage tourism |
| 7.11 | Magical Kenya |
| 8.1 | Global network connectivity of major financial centres |
| 8.2 | The Occupy Wall Street movement in New York City |
| 8.3 | Global finance and the shifting relationship with local mortgage lending |
| 8.4 | The circuit of global financial centres in the Islamic banking and finance system |
| 9.1 | The US–Mexico border |
| 9.2 | China’s Belt and Road Initiative since 2013 |
| 9.3 | The number of independent states, 1816–2017 |
| 9.4 | The future mega city of NEOM, Saudi Arabia |
| 10.1 | Construction work along the road from Kamwenge to Fort Portal in western Uganda |
| 10.2 | The expansion of the European Union since 1957 |
| 10.3 | The United Nations’ 17 Sustainable Developmental Goals for 2030 |
| 10.4 | The AIIB: a new multilateral institution for global development |
| 10.5 | Investment instruments by multilateral development banks, 2014 |
| 11.1 | Map of Kiribati |
| 11.2 | Picture of Tarawa, Kiribati |
| 11.3 | Globally averaged greenhouse gas concentrations, 1800–present |
| 11.4 | Emissions of carbon dioxide by country/region, 2016 (MtCO2) |
| 11.5 | Emissions of carbon dioxide by country/region, 1960–2016 (MtCO2) |
| 11.6 | Observed climate change impacts on biophysical and human systems |
| 11.7 | Map of India showing the Deccan Plateau and Ghats |
| 11.8 | An open pit lithium mine in Australia |
| 11.9 | Automobile‐dependent suburban sprawl in Perth, Australia |
| 12.1 | Venture capitalists on Silicon Valley’s Sand Hill Road |
| 12.2 | Leading technology companies in Silicon Valley |
| 12.3 | Weber’s industrial location theory |
| 12.4 | Industrial districts in Italy |
| 12.5 | Just‐in‐time clustering in Toyota City, Japan |
| 12.6 | Call centres in Manila, the Philippines |
| 12.7 | A consumption cluster – The Strip, Las Vegas |
| 12.8 | A multifaceted cluster? High‐tech business in San Jose, Silicon Valley |
| 12.9 | The Hollywood film production cluster |
| 12.10 | Schematic representation of the Hollywood film production cluster |
| 12.11 | Motorsport Valley in the United Kingdom |
| 12.12 | Local buzz and global pipelines |
| 12.13 | A cluster life cycle? |
| 12.14 | Two Scandinavian clusters – biogas in Scania, Sweden and leisure boats in Arendal, Norway |
| 13.1 | Main categories of unpaid work in various countries |
| 13.2 | Minutes spent on unpaid work per day in various countries |
| 13.3 | Female labour force participation in selected countries, 1990 and 2017 |
| 13.4 | Women workers leaving the largest industrial estate in the Philippines, the Cavite Economic Zone |
| 13.5 | Singapore’s Little India |
| 13.6 | Korean convenience store |
| 13.7 | Brick Lane in London |
| 14.1 | (a) The Brixton Pound and (b) the Bangla‐Pesa – money that ‘sticks’ in a locality |
| 14.2 | The global distribution of Fairtrade farmers and workers, mid‐2010s |
| 14.3 | A gift economy at work – packing balikbayan boxes in Hong Kong |
| 14.4 | An intern working on an Ontario farm |
| 14.5 | The fishing communities involved in the MCFA, Maine, United States |
| 1.1 | Per capita and total consumption of bottled water, selected countries, 2015 |
| 2.1 | Different perspectives in economics |
| 3.1 | Asia’s burgeoning middle class? |
| 4.1 | The coffee production network: who gains most in Uganda, 2011? |
| 4.2 | Firms as actors in global production networks |
| 4.3 | The world’s leading logistical providers – key facts and figures in 2016 |
| 5.1 | Subcontracting of the world’s top notebook brand‐name companies to top‐three ODM firms from Taiwan, 2015 |
| 5.2 | Different forms of risk associated with TNCs and their global production networks |
| 6.1 | Union density (%) in selected countries 2000/2001 to 2014/2015 |
| 7.1 | Mass consumption and post‐Fordist consumption compared |
| 7.2 | Leading transnational retailers, ranked by sales outside home market, 2016 |
| 7.3 | Top grocery retailers in Poland, 2017 |
| 7.4 | International tourism receipts and expenditure – top 10 countries in 2016 |
| 8.1 | The changing regimes of financial regulation in the global economy |
| 8.2 | Leading global cities in global financial markets for foreign exchange trading and derivative transactions, 2001–2016 |
| 8.3 | World’s 12 largest sovereign wealth funds in 2007 and 2017 (US$ billion) |
| 9.1 | Major types of economic policies and some examples |
| 9.2 | French government’s stakes in selected industrial firms, 2014 (per cent) |
| 9.3 | Varieties of states in the global economy |
| 10.1 | Major regional economic blocs in the global economy |
| 10.2 | The world of standards |
| 10.3 | The United Nations system for international development |
| 12.1 | The characteristics of ‘just‐in‐case’ and ‘just‐in‐time’ systems |
| 13.1 | Contrasting views on the emancipatory potential of industrial employment for women |
| 13.2 | The two sides of ethnic enterprise |
| 14.1 | The diverse economy |
| 14.2 | The building blocks of Unilever’s Sustainable Living Plan |
| 14.3 | The 15 largest cooperative and mutual organizations by turnover in 2015 |
| 14.4 | Dimensions of the platform economy |
| 1.1 | The corporate world of bottled water |
| 1.2 | Scale |
| 2.1 | Doughnut Economics |
| 2.2 | Metaphors of economy |
| 2.3 | Heterodox economics |
| 2.4 | The place of markets |
| 3.1 | Regulation theory and Fordism |
| 3.2 | Asia’s Growing Middle Class |
| 3.3 | Evolutionary Economic Geography (EEG) |
| 3.4 | Dynamic California |
| 4.1 | Coffee, cafés, and connections |
| 4.2 | From global commodity chains and global value chains to global production networks |
| 4.3 | Upgrading strategies: how to do better through participation in production networks |
| 5.1 | Corporate cultures |
| 5.2 | Transnational production in the maquiladoras of northern Mexico |
| 5.3 | BMW’s multiple structures of transnational production |
| 5.4 | Transnational corporations and the new international division of labour |
| 6.1 | Local labour control regimes and unfree labour |
| 6.2 | Labour Geography |
| 6.3 | The temporary staffing industry |
| 7.1 | Consumption work |
| 7.2 | Retail decentralization in post‐war Chicago |
| 7.3 | The ‘magic of the mall’ |
| 7.4 | Bourdieu’s cultural capital |
| 7.5 | Bottom of pyramid markets |
| 7.6 | Geographies of branding |
| 8.1 | A glossary of common financial terms |
| 8.2 | Global cities |
| 8.3 | The Cayman Islands as an offshore financial centre (OFC) |
| 8.4 | Subprime and the crisis of global finance |
| 9.1 | Unpacking the state |
| 9.2 | Neo‐liberalism |
| 9.3 | State blocking of takeover bids in Canada and Australia |
| 9.4 | The East Asian developmental state3 |
| 10.1 | Dependency: neo‐Marxian critiques of modernization theory |
| 10.2 | Shock therapy |
| 10.3 | ASEAN and macro‐regional integration in Southeast Asia |
| 10.4 | Environmental certification of dolphin‐safe tuna production |
| 11.1 | Vulnerability to climate change: the Deccan Plateau of India |
| 11.2 | Political Ecology |
| 11.3 | Lithium as commodity |
| 12.1 | Viva Las Vegas! |
| 12.2 | The limits to clusters? |
| 12.3 | Project working |
| 13.1 | Ethnicity, race, and racialization |
| 13.2 | Devaluing the ‘Third World Woman’ |
| 13.3 | Redundant masculinities |
| 13.4 | Ontario’s South Korean convenience stores |
| 14.1 | Community wealth building – the Cleveland model |
| 14.2 | The Mondragon Cooperative Corporation |
| 14.3 | ‘Will work for food’ – non‐wage farm labour in Ontario, Canada |
| 14.4 | The commons |
| 14.5 | The rise of platform capitalism? |
| 15.1 | Ontology, epistemology, and methodology |
| 15.2 | The ‘Cultural Turn’ in Economic Geography |
| 15.3 | What is discourse? |
| 15.4 | Economic Geography beyond the Anglosphere |